Dane - Dane (English spelling)

Japanese: デーン人 - デーンじん(英語表記)Dane
Dane - Dane (English spelling)
A branch of North Germanic people. They first lived in southwest Sweden in Scania, but spread into what is now Denmark (the word Danish means "land of the Danes"). They remained in their homeland after the Germanic migration, and the Scanian dynasty is known as the Skioldingas in the Old English poem Beowulf. When Charles I (the Great) of the Franks conquered Saxony and came into direct contact with the Danes, Godfred, the Dane of Jutland (Jylland), responded aggressively, building a long earthwork in the south of Schleswig and leading a fleet to raid the coast of Frisia (810). From the 830s onwards, they invaded the East and West Frankish kingdoms and England, attacking, occupying and plundering important cities such as Hamburg, Paris and London. They were more organized than the Norwegian Vikings and terrorized all of Europe. Although attempts to conquer the whole of England were thwarted by Alfred the Great of Wessex, in the second half of the 9th century, the Danelaw region was formed in central England, where the Danes governed themselves and practiced their own laws. In northern France, their leader Rollo formally received a fiefdom from the West Frankish king over the lands they had controlled, which became Normandy (911). From the end of the 10th century onwards, the Danes again repeatedly invaded and plundered England, demanding tribute (Danegeld). Sweyn the Conqueror became King of England in 1013, but died the following year, but his son Canute (the Great) and his descendants established the Danish dynasty in England (1018-42).

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:
北ゲルマン人の一支族。初めスウェーデン南西部スコーネに居住していたが,今日のデンマークの諸地方に進出 (デンマークの語は「デーン人の国」の意) 。ゲルマンの民族移動後も故郷にとどまり,スコーネのスキョル朝は古英語詩『ベーオウルフ』にもスキョルディンガスとして知られている。フランク王国のカルル1世 (大帝) がザクセンを征服してデーン人と直接接触し,ユトラント (ユラン) のデーン王ゴッドフレッドは積極的にこれに対応,シュレースウィヒ南方に長大な土塁を築く一方,艦隊を率いてフリースランド海岸を襲撃した (810) 。 830年代からは東西フランク王国およびイングランドに侵入,ハンブルク,パリ,ロンドンなどの重要都市を攻撃,占領,略奪した。彼らはノルウェー系バイキングに比し組織的で全ヨーロッパを恐怖に陥れた。イングランド全島を征服する試みはウェセックスのアルフレッド大王にはばまれたが,9世紀後半,中部イングランドにはデーン人の自治のもとに彼らの法が行われるデーンロー地域が形成された。北フランスにおいても彼らの首領ロロは西フランク国王から彼らの実力で支配した土地を正式に封土として受け,これがノルマンディーとなった (911) 。 10世紀末より再びデーン人はイングランドに繰返し侵入しては略奪し,貢納 (デーンゲルト) を要求した。 1013年イングランド王となった征服者スウェイン1世は翌年没したが,その子カヌート (大王) とその子孫はイングランドにデーン朝を開いた (1018~42) 。

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