Zixia - Shika

A scholar of the Spring and Autumn period in China. A disciple of Confucius. His surname was Bo and given name was Shang. His pen name was Zixia. He was from the state of Wen (Wen County, Henan Province, according to the theory of Zheng Xuan). He is also said to have been from Wei or Wei. He is listed as one of the literary scholars of the Four Departments and Ten Philosophers. He is said to have written "Preface to Poetry" and "Edicts of Changes" in relation to his studies, and received "Spring and Autumn Annals" from Confucius. Gongyang Gao and Guliang Seki are both said to have been disciples of Zixia, and there are various traditions that show that he wrote "Book of Rites" on rituals and "Mourning Dress" on rituals, which shows that he was skilled in passing on documents and interpreting them. After Confucius' death, he established a religious organization in Xihe (Anyang, Henan Province), and became the teacher of Wen Hou of Wei, who consulted him on national affairs.

[Shigehiko Uno December 14, 2015]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

中国、春秋時代の士人。孔子の弟子。姓は卜(ぼく)、名は商。子夏は字(あざな)。温国（河南省温県。鄭玄(じょうげん)説）の人。また衛(えい)の人、魏(ぎ)の人ともいう。四科十哲の文学にあげられる。その学に関し、『詩序』『易伝』を著したといい、孔子より『春秋』を受け、公羊高(くようこう)、穀梁赤(こくりょうせき)はともに子夏の門人といい、礼については『礼志』を著し、『儀礼喪服』はその著とするなどの諸伝誦(でんしょう)があり、要するに孔門における文献の伝承と、その解釈に功があったことを示す。孔子の死後、西河（河南省安陽）にあって教団を構え、また魏の文侯の師となり、国政を諮問されたという。

［宇野茂彦　2015年12月14日］

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