This law was proposed by British author T. Gresham in the 16th century and is famous for the phrase "bad money drives out good money." In a society, when two or more types of currency with different precious metal values are in circulation at the same face value, the currency with superior material value (good currency) is hoarded, melted down for bullion, exported, or otherwise driven out of the circulation market, and only the currency with inferior material value (bad currency) is in circulation. This phenomenon itself has been observed for a long time, but it became famous as a law when Gresham advocated to Queen Elizabeth I that the evils of bad coinage be eliminated, and later H. D. MacLeod named it as a law in his book Elements of Political Economy (1858). [Shigeki Toyama] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
イギリスのT・グレシャムが16世紀に唱えたもので、「悪貨は良貨を駆逐する」ということばで有名な法則。ある社会において、貴金属としての素材価値が異なる2種類以上の貨幣が同一額面価格で流通する場合、素材価値の優れた貨幣(良貨)はその価値ゆえに退蔵されたり、溶解されて地金にされたり、輸出されたりなどして流通市場から駆逐され、素材価値の劣悪な貨幣(悪貨)だけが流通するようになることをいう。この現象それ自体は古くから観察されてきたものであるが、それが法則として有名になったのは、グレシャムがエリザベス女王(1世)に貨幣悪鋳の弊害を除去するよう提唱し、のちにH・D・マクラウドがその著『政治経済学の諸要素』(1858)で法則として命名したことによる。 [外山茂樹] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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