Aburahaya - Aburahaya

Japanese: アブラハヤ - あぶらはや
Aburahaya - Aburahaya

A freshwater fish belonging to the order Cypriniformes and family Cyprinidae of the class Osteichthyes. It has local names such as Aburabae, Aburame, Nigabaya, Kusobai, and Nometcho. It is found in Honshu, east and north of the Lake Biwa and Yodo River water system. It is about 10 to 15 centimeters long. It is yellowish brown overall, with small scales and a slimy body surface. It is very similar to the closely related M. jouyi, which is found in Shizuoka Prefecture and Toyama Prefecture westward, but M. jouyi can be distinguished by its low caudal peduncle and the large number of transverse scales (the number of scales from the base of the dorsal fin to the lateral line) on the upper part of the lateral line. It lives in stagnant waters from the upper to middle reaches of rivers, but in rivers where it coexists with M. jouyi, it tends to be found in the middle reaches. In addition, both species are always weaker in the competition for food against yamame, amago, ugui, kawamutsu, and zangi, and in areas where they coexist, they tend to concentrate in areas with poor conditions, such as riverbanks. Both species are omnivorous, feeding mainly on insects and algae. They spawn on slow-moving gravel bottoms from spring to summer. They are edible, but taste bad. A species of the same genus, the yachiugui M. percnurus sachalinensis , lives in the streams of ponds and marshes in Hokkaido.

[Nobuhiko Mizuno]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

硬骨魚綱コイ目コイ科に属する淡水魚。アブラバエ、アブラメ、ニガバヤ、クソバイ、ノメッチョなどの地方名がある。琵琶湖(びわこ)淀川(よどがわ)水系以東および以北の本州に分布している。全長10~15センチメートル程度。全体に黄褐色で、鱗(うろこ)は小さく体表がぬるぬるしている。静岡県と富山県以西に分布する近縁のタカハヤM. jouyiとよく似ているが、アブラハヤは尾柄(びへい)が低く、側線上部の横列鱗(おうれつりん)数(背びれ基部から側線までの鱗数)が多いので識別できる。川の上流から中流までのよどみに生息するが、タカハヤと共存している川では中流のほうに偏る。またヤマメ、アマゴ、ウグイ、カワムツ、オイカワに対しては、食物獲得競争で両種ともつねに弱者で、共存地では川岸などの条件の悪いほうに集中している。両種とも雑食性で、昆虫類と藻類を主食とする。春から夏に流れの緩い砂礫底(されきてい)に産卵する。食用になるがまずい。北海道の池沼や湿原の流れには同属のヤチウグイM. percnurus sachalinensisが生息する。

[水野信彦]

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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