Flavius Gratianus

Japanese: グラティアヌス（英語表記）Flavius Gratianus

359‐383
Roman Emperor. Reigned 367-383. Son of Valentinian I, he became Augustus in 367 and took over governance of the western part of the Roman Empire after his father's death in 375. Initially, at the advice of his teacher Ausonius, he tried to improve relations with the Senate and adopted a policy of tolerance toward paganism and heresy, but he himself was a devout Orthodox Christian, and eventually, under the influence of Ambrose, Bishop of Milan, he turned to an intolerant policy. He renounced the title of Pontifex Maximus (high priest) that had been held by successive Roman emperors (379) and had the altar of the goddess Victoria removed from the Senate chamber (382).

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

359‐383
ローマ皇帝。在位367‐383年。ウァレンティニアヌス1世の息子で，367年アウグストゥス位に就き，375年の父帝の死後ローマ帝国西方の統治を引き継ぐ。当初は師アウソニウスの進言で元老院との関係改善に意を用い，異教･異端にも寛容策を採ったが，自身は熱心な正統派キリスト教徒で，やがてミラノ司教アンブロシウスの影響下で不寛容策に転じ，歴代ローマ皇帝が帯びたポンティフェクス･マクシムス(大神官)の称号を棄て(379)，またウィクトリア女神の祭壇を元老院議場から撤去させた(382)。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

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