A name used by some in the Hellenistic period, mainly in Alexandria, to refer to the supreme god. He is often depicted as having a cock's head, a shield in his right hand and a whip in his left, snakes for feet, and riding a chariot drawn by four horses. The cock is a bird representing foresight and caution, the shield represents wisdom, and the whip represents power. He is supported by two snakes, Nous and Logos, that is, spirituality and understanding, and is said to rule over the four directions of the universe. The seven letters of ABRAXAS mean seven lights, or mathematically 365. According to Basileidēs, a Gnostic who lived in Alexandria in the 2nd century AD, the universe is made up of 365 layers of heaven, and the lowest god is Abraxas, who created the earth and humankind and rules the world with seven attributes. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
ヘレニズム時代に,アレクサンドリアを中心にして,一部の人たちが最高神を呼ぶときに使った名称。しばしば鶏の頭をもち,右手に盾,左手にむちをかざし,両足が蛇で,4頭立ての馬車に乗った姿であらわされている。鶏は予見と用心深さを意味する鳥であり,盾は知恵,むちは力を意味し,2匹の蛇であるヌースとロゴス,すなわち霊性と理解とに支えられ,宇宙の四つの方向をめぐって支配する神とされる。ABRAXASの7文字は,七つの光,または数理的に365を意味し,紀元2世紀のアレクサンドリアに在住したグノーシス派のバシレイデスBasileidēsによれば,この宇宙は365の層をなす天によって構成され,その最下層の神がアブラクサスであって,地球や人類を創りだし,七つの属性によってこの世を支配している。
出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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