A compound of sodium and oxygen. It is also called sodium peroxide. When metallic sodium is placed on an aluminum plate and burned at 300-400°C while blowing in dry air that does not contain carbon dioxide, the anhydrous form is produced. The octahydrate (formula weight 222.1, melting point 30°C) is also obtained by adding hydrogen peroxide to an ice-cooled aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide. The anhydrous form is a pale yellow powder, while the octahydrate is a colorless hexagonal crystal. Both dissolve easily in water to form sodium hydroxide and hydrogen peroxide, but above room temperature the hydrogen peroxide decomposes and produces oxygen. It is a strong oxidizing agent, absorbing carbon dioxide to produce sodium carbonate and oxygen, and reacting with carbon monoxide to produce sodium carbonate. When melted, it corrodes and oxidizes various metals other than gold and nickel. It will ignite or explode if mixed with organic matter. It is used for bleaching animal and vegetable fibers and bones, melting difficult-to-dissolve substances, and is also a raw material for producing peroxides. [Torii Yasuo] [Supplementary Material] |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
ナトリウムと酸素の化合物の一つ。過酸化ソーダともいう。金属ナトリウムをアルミニウム製の皿の上に置き、二酸化炭素を含まない乾燥空気を送って300~400℃で燃焼させると、無水物が製造される。また、氷冷した水酸化ナトリウム水溶液に過酸化水素を加えることによって、八水和物(式量222.1、融点30℃)が得られる。無水物は淡黄色粉末、八水和物は無色の六方晶系の結晶である。いずれも水に容易に溶け、水酸化ナトリウムと過酸化水素とになるが、常温以上では過酸化水素が分解して酸素を発生する。強い酸化剤であり、二酸化炭素を吸収して炭酸ナトリウムと酸素を、また一酸化炭素と反応して炭酸ナトリウムを生ずる。溶融物は金、ニッケル以外の各種の金属を侵し酸化する。有機物と混合すれば発火または爆発する。動植物性繊維、骨などの漂白、難溶性物質の融解処理などに使用されるほか、過酸化物の製造原料ともなる。 [鳥居泰男] [補完資料] |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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