Shogun - Kubo

Japanese: 公方 - くぼう

〘noun〙① Public duties. Public affairs. A position serving the Imperial Court or the Shogunate. ※Gokurakujidono Gosho (mid-13th century), Article 54: "Those who serve should serve as ministers and should do so with ease." ② Refers to the Emperor or the Imperial Court. ※Essays, Karaki Essays (around 1750), 1: "Kubo means the Imperial Court." ③ In the late Kamakura and Muromachi periods, the Shogunate was the name given to the higher court over shugojito and manorial lords. ※Utsunomiya Family Ceremonies (1283), Article 38: "When discussing private matters, _{the Shogunate} and other matters _{should be} _{discussed first} _. _" ④ In the late Kamakura and Muromachi periods, the name given to both the Shogunate and the Imperial Court as a whole. ※Kujo Family Documents - (date unknown) (Kamakura) Kujo Zenko Tadanori Family Miscellaneous Staff Initial Guideline "If _{the Shogun} 's decision is made as soon as _{_possible} , _he will be summoned _{and transferred} to his home." ⑤ A term used to refer to the Shogun family _during the Muromachi period. Also used to distinguish the Shogun in office from others. ※Sono Tairyaku - October 23, 1344 (Kōei 3) "If the Shogun's decision _{_{is not made,}} _it is said that there will be a _small _family ." ⑥ In the Muromachi period, this refers to the Kamakura Shogun, Koga Shogun, Horikoshi Shogun, etc., who were members of the Shogun family. ※Kitsugawa Hankan (1653) "This year, the Kanto clan filed a petition with Kyoto, and was invited to Kamakura, where he was called Gen Shogun." ⑦ In the Muromachi period, this was an honorific title for Shugo . ※Kōyasan documents - December 1433 (Eikyō 5) - Ueda Nyūdō Jō's prayers: "Even if I am the Shogun's messenger, I should not behave so heartlessly." ⑧ In the Middle Ages, it meant the lord of a manor. ※Izumi Matsuo-ji documents - May 11, 1252 (Kenchō 4) - Tonomura Tone Farmers' draft: "When the Shogun is in trouble, _{there are} laborers _{who can} carry horses." ⑨ In the early modern period, it meant the Shogun family or the person who held the position of Shogun. [Etymology] Originally, it meant ①'s official duties and their roles, but in the late Kamakura period, it came to mean the Shogunate (Shogun family) and the Imperial Court as in ③ and ④, while at the same time, the custom of calling all temples, shrines, and samurai who controlled manors and public lands "Kōbō" became common. This is probably because the word came to refer to the location of national governing power. During the Muromachi period, this became more clear and the term came to refer to shugo lords and manor lords as in ⑦ and ⑧.

Oyake- gata oyake [Shogun]

〘noun〙① Areas related to official matters. ※Utsubo (around 970-999) Rojo: "Rather than the monks, he followed the Emperor's side and punished and destroyed his family." ② Areas related to the Imperial Court and the nation. Also, the people involved. ※Otogizoshi, Fukutomi Choja Monogatari (late Muromachi period): "His art was so outrageous that <omitted> it naturally reached the Emperor's side and was passed on."

Source: The Selected Edition of the Japanese Language Dictionary About the Selected Edition of the Japanese Language Dictionary Information

Japanese:

〘名〙① 公務。公事。朝廷、幕府に奉仕する役。※極楽寺殿御消息（１３Ｃ中）第五四条「そうりゃうたる人はくはうをつとめ、そしを心やすくあらすべし」② 天皇、または朝廷のこと。※随筆・嘉良喜随筆（1750頃）一「公方とは禁裏のこと也」③ 鎌倉時代後期、室町時代、守護地頭や荘園領主に対する上級裁判権者としての幕府の呼称。※宇都宮家式条（1283）三八条「内談之時者、以_二公方并他所事_一、先可_レ有_二其沙汰_一」④ 鎌倉時代後期、室町時代、幕府と朝廷の両者を総体としてさす呼称。※九条家文書‐（年月日未詳）（鎌倉）九条禅閤忠教家雑掌初度目安案「早為_二公方之御沙汰_一、可_レ被_レ召_二渡本所_一者哉」⑤ 室町時代、将軍家を指す呼称。また、特に在職中の征夷大将軍を他と区別していう。※園太暦‐康永三年（1344）一〇月二三日「公方御沙汰不_レ可_レ有_二子細_一哉之由申_レ之」⑥ 室町時代、将軍家の一族であった鎌倉公方、古河公方(こがくぼう)、堀越公方などをいう。※喜連川判鑑（1653）「今年関東の諸家京都へ訴申し、鎌倉へ請侍し如元公方と称す」⑦ 室町時代、守護(しゅご)の尊称。※高野山文書‐永享五年（1433）一二月日・上田入道浄願事書「たとい公方様の御使にて候共、かやうに情なくらんぼう仕候事はあるまじく候」⑧ 中世、荘園領主をいう。※和泉松尾寺文書‐建長四年（1252）五月一一日・唐国村刀禰百姓等置文案「公方御大事時は、人夫伝馬可_レ有_レ之」⑨ 近世、将軍家、また将軍職の人をいう。[語誌]元来は、①の公務やその役をいったが、鎌倉時代後期には、③④のように幕府（将軍家）や朝廷をさすようになる一方、荘園・公領を支配する寺社本所・武家をおしなべて公方とよぶ習慣も同時に一般化する。これは、この語が国家的統治権の所在を指すようになったためであろうと思われる。室町時代になると、そのことがもっと明確化し、⑦⑧のように守護領主・荘園領主をも指すようになる。

おおやけ‐がたおほやけ‥【公方】

〘名〙① 公式の事柄に関する方面。※宇津保（970‐999頃）楼上下「僧の方よりも、おほやけがたにつけて、責め懲(てう)じ家を滅(ほろぼ)し侍り」② 朝廷、国家などに関する方面。また、その人々。※御伽草子・福富長者物語（室町末）「その芸あさましくいぶせければ、〈略〉おのづからおほやけがたにもきこしめし伝へ給ひて」

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