1890‐1957 A Soviet literary scholar. He studied electrical engineering at the University of Liège in Belgium, and studied French literature by attending lectures at the Sorbonne. He became a member of the Russian Formalist group (Opoyers) around 1919, and taught at Leningrad University from 1924. He became a professor in 1942, but like other Formalists, he temporarily retired from his position after receiving criticism from the orthodox Marxist literary studies. He was an accomplished Pushkin scholar, and his original and solid works on prosody, verse technique, and literary theory, such as Russian verse technique (1923) and Theory of Literature (1925), remain valuable even today. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
1890‐1957 ソ連邦の文芸学者。ベルギーのリエージュ大学で電気工学を修め,ソルボンヌ大学の講義を聴講してフランス文学を研究した。1919年ころロシア・フォルマリズム・グループ(オポヤーズ)の一員となり,24年からはレニングラード大学の教壇に立つ。42年から教授となるが,他のフォルマリストと同様,マルクス主義文芸学正統派からの批判を受けて一時的に職を退くこともあった。プーシキン学者として優れた業績をあげたが,韻律学,作詩法,文学理論に関する独創的でしかも手堅い著作《ロシア作詩法》(1923),《文学の理論》(1925)などは今日でもその価値を失っていない。 出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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