Abukuma Highlands

Japanese: 阿武隈高地 - あぶくまこうち
Abukuma Highlands

A plateau-like mountain range that stretches from southern Miyagi Prefecture through eastern Fukushima Prefecture to northern Ibaraki Prefecture. It is also called the Abukuma Mountains. It has a spindle-shaped outline of about 170 km north to south and a maximum of 50 km east to west. On the northeastern edge, the Futaba Fault Escarpment, with a height difference of about 300 meters, runs almost linearly from north to south, and the southeastern edge has a foothill line with many bends that reflect a complex geological structure. The western edge is bounded by the Abukuma River, and the southwestern edge by the Kuji River. The geology is mainly composed of ancient granite and granodiorite, but the northeastern and southern parts are made up of Palaeozoic slate, sandstone, and limestone, and there are also Paleogene rocks around the Joban coalfield, and basaltic agglomerates near Ryozen in the north. The highest peak, Mt. Otakine (1,192 meters), is located almost in the center and forms part of the main watershed. Mt. Hiyama (Mt. Tenno, 1,058 meters), Mt. Hanazuka (918 meters), Mt. Hiyama (993 meters), Mt. Kamakura (967 meters), Mt. Utsushi (995 meters), and Mt. Yomogi (952 meters) are pyramidal hills that protrude here and there from the plateau, which has an average altitude of about 500 meters. Topographically, it is known as an elevated quasi-plain with constant-height mountain ridges and small relief surfaces. Within the mountain range are small basins such as Tamano, Kusano, Iitoi, Hiso, Furumichi, and Kawauchi. National Routes 49, 114, and 115, which use the gentle mountain passes, cross the mountainous region and connect the Nakadori and Hamadori regions of Fukushima Prefecture.

[Yoshio Nakamura]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

宮城県南部から福島県東部を経て茨城県北部まで続く高原状山地。阿武隈山地ともいう。南北約170キロメートル、東西最大50キロメートルの紡錘形輪郭をもつ。北東縁には比高約300メートルの双葉断層崖(がい)がほぼ南北に直線状に連なり、南東縁は複雑な地質構造を反映する屈曲の多い山麓(さんろく)線をもつ。西縁は阿武隈川に、南西縁は久慈川(くじがわ)にそれぞれ限られる。地質は主として古期花崗(かこう)岩、花崗閃緑(せんりょく)岩からなるが、北東部、南部に古生界の粘板岩、砂岩、石灰岩など、さらに常磐炭田(じょうばんたんでん)を中心に古第三系、北部の霊山(りょうぜん)付近には玄武岩質集塊岩などがそれぞれ分布する。最高峰大滝根山(おおたきねさん)(1192メートル)はほぼ中央にあって主分水界の一部をなし、日山(ひやま)(天王山、1058メートル)以下、花塚(はなづか)山(918メートル)、檜(ひ)山(993メートル)、鎌倉(かまくら)岳(967メートル)、移(うつし)ヶ岳(995メートル)、蓬田(よもぎだ)岳(952メートル)などがピラミッド状の残丘として、平均高度500メートルほどの高原上のあちこちに突出している。地形的には定高性山稜(さんりょう)や小起伏面の発達する隆起準平原として知られる。山地内には玉野、草野、飯樋(いいとい)、比曽(ひそ)、古道(ふるみち)、川内などの小盆地がある。なだらかな峠道を利用する国道49号、114号、115号などが山地を横断し、福島県の中通(なかどお)り地方と浜通り地方とを結んでいる。

[中村嘉男]

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

<<:  Abukuma metamorphic belt

>>:  Abukuma River

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