Kinyo

A famous kiln from the Song and Yuan periods in China. A representative kiln site was discovered in Baguadong, Yu County, Henan Province, and the name Jun Kiln was born because this area began to be called Junzhou at the beginning of the Ming Dynasty. The products excavated from Baguadong Kiln are a wide range of products, including celadon and iron-painted pottery in addition to the sedimentary blue-glazed and purple-red glazes commonly known as Jun Kiln. These do not differ greatly from the products of kilns in northern China, but powerful kilns for celadon and iron-painted pottery have been discovered in other regions, and Jun Kiln is characterized by sedimentary blue-glazed and purple-red glazed pottery. Therefore, the original name of the kiln, Jun Kiln, is widely used today as a synonym for the unique sedimentary blue-glazed and purple-red glazes, and often refers to the glaze itself. The blue-and-white glaze is a type of celadon with a high silica content, and is a subtle, devitrified blue-white glaze. When copper is added to this, it becomes a red glaze. These two glazes were used not only by the Jun kiln but also by kilns in various parts of northern China, making it quite difficult to attribute the remains to the kiln.

[Yoshiaki Yabe]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

中国、宋元(そうげん)時代の名窯。代表的な窯址(ようし)は河南(かなん／ホーナン)省禹(う)県八卦洞(はっけどう)に発見されており、この地が明(みん)代初めに鈞州とよばれ始めたため、鈞窯の名が生まれた。八卦洞窯の出土品は、俗に鈞窯とよばれる澱青釉(でんせいゆう)や紫紅釉のほか青磁や鉄絵陶にも及び、作域は広い。これらは華北の窯(かま)の製品と大きく相違しないが、青磁や鉄絵は他地域に有力な窯が発見されており、鈞窯の場合は澱青釉と紫紅釉陶器が特色をなすところから、本来窯の名称である鈞窯は、独特の澱青釉や紫紅釉の代名詞として今日大いに用いられ、釉そのものをさす場合が多い。澱青釉はケイ酸含有率の高い青磁の一種で、幽邃(ゆうすい)な失透(しっとう)青白色釉となっており、これに銅分を加えたものが紫紅釉である。この二つの釉は鈞窯以外にも各地の華北の窯で使われており、遺品の窯の帰属はなかなかむずかしい。

［矢部良明］

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