An element that forms a metal when in its pure form. In the long-form periodic table, the lower left corner of the diagram generally contains metallic elements. In contrast, the upper right corner contains nonmetallic elements, but there are also elements that have intermediate properties. For example, germanium (Ge), arsenic (As), bismuth (Bi), selenium (Se), tellurium (Te), and astatine (At) exist as metallic and nonmetallic elements, and are sometimes called metalloids. In general, hydroxides of metallic elements are basic, and form salts by replacing hydrogen in acids, and often exist as ions in crystals. [Nakahara Katsunori] "The Story of Heat-Resistant Alloys" by Tanaka Ryohei (1990, Japan Standards Association) " ▽ "Rare Metals - Metal Elements in Functional Materials" by Hasegawa Ryosuke (1992, Sangyo Tosho)" ▽ "Metal Elements in the Body" edited by Itokawa Yoshinori and Goto Tsuyoshiro (1994, Koseikan)" ▽ "Why Are Metals Necessary for the Human Body? Copper, Chromium, Molybdenum, and More..." by Sakurai Hiroshi (1996, Kodansha)" ▽ "Chemical Society of Japan, edited, Chemistry Q&A from the Educational Field (2002, Maruzen)" ▽ "Chemical Society of Japan, edited, Experimental Chemistry Course 23: Inorganic Compounds, 5th Edition (2005, Maruzen)" [Reference] | | | | | | |©Shogakukan "> Metal elements (periodic table) Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
単体が金属を形成する元素をいう。長周期型周期表で図の左下方が一般に金属元素である。これに対し、右上方が非金属元素であるが、その中間的な性質をもつ元素もある。たとえば、ゲルマニウムGe、ヒ素As、ビスマスBi、セレンSe、テルルTe、アスタチンAtなどは金属性の単体と非金属性の単体とがあり、半金属ということもある。一般に金属元素の水酸化物は塩基性で、酸の水素と置換して塩をつくり、結晶中ではイオンとして存在することが多い。 [中原勝儼] 『田中良平著『耐熱合金のおはなし』(1990・日本規格協会)』▽『長谷川良佑著『レアメタル――機能材料の金属元素』(1992・産業図書)』▽『糸川嘉則・五島孜郎編『生体内金属元素』(1994・光生館)』▽『桜井弘著『金属は人体になぜ必要か――なければ困る銅・クロム・モリブデン…』(1996・講談社)』▽『日本化学会編『教育現場からの化学Q&A』(2002・丸善)』▽『日本化学会編『実験化学講座23 無機化合物』第5版(2005・丸善)』 [参照項目] | | | | | | |©Shogakukan"> 金属元素(周期表) 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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