Azeotropic distillation - KYOUFUTSJOURYU

Japanese: 共沸蒸留 - キョウフツジョウリュウ
Azeotropic distillation - KYOUFUTSJOURYU

All distillations that involve systems that form azeotropic mixtures are azeotropic distillations, but generally, this refers to distillation in which two components that are inseparable or difficult to separate are separated by adding an azeotropic agent (entrainer) that forms an azeotropic mixture with one of the components. For example, ethanol and water form an azeotropic mixture with 96% ethanol, so ethanol of a higher concentration cannot be obtained by normal distillation. However, in the case of a water-benzene system (boiling point 80 °C), an azeotropic mixture is formed with a composition of 9% water and 91% benzene, so if an appropriate amount of benzene is added to a mixture of ethanol and water and distilled, a mixture of the above water-benzene azeotropic mixture (boiling point 69 °C) and ethanol (boiling point 78 °C) will be distilled, and it will be possible to extract water and benzene from the top of the rectification column and pure ethanol from the bottom of the column.

Source: Morikita Publishing "Chemical Dictionary (2nd Edition)" Information about the Chemical Dictionary 2nd Edition

Japanese:

共沸混合物をつくる系を取り扱う蒸留は,すべて共沸蒸留であるが,一般には,分離不能または分離困難な2成分を,これらのうちの一つの成分と共沸混合物をつくる共沸剤(エントレーナー)を添加することにより,分離を行う蒸留のこと.たとえば,エタノールと水とは,エタノール96% で共沸混合物をつくるので,通常の蒸留ではそれ以上の濃いエタノールは得られない.しかし,水-ベンゼン(沸点80 ℃)系では,水9%,ベンゼン91% の組成で共沸混合物をつくるので,エタノールと水との混合物に適量のベンゼンを添加して蒸留すると,上記の水-ベンゼン共沸混合物(沸点69 ℃)とエタノール(沸点78 ℃)との混合物を蒸留することになり,精留塔の塔頂から水とベンゼンを,塔底から純粋なエタノールを取り出すことが可能になる.

出典 森北出版「化学辞典(第2版)」化学辞典 第2版について 情報

<<:  Crossing - Crossing

>>:  Azeotropic mixture - eutectic mixture

Recommend

Pitch neumes - Pitch neumes

...Early neumes (chironomic neumes), which only s...

Ragweed - Butakusa

An annual plant of the Asteraceae family. The ste...

hordeolum

...This term is mainly used in the Kanto region, ...

External Inhibition

...In contrast, in pathological or emotionally ex...

Ministry of Greater East Asia

Following the expansion of the occupied territori...

Mercury nitrate - Shousansuigin

[ I ] Mercury nitrate(I): Hg2 ( NO3 ) 2 (525.19)....

Sea anemone - sea anemone

A marine animal belonging to the phylum Cnidaria,...

VÖEST (English spelling) VOEST

...The following example clearly illustrates this...

family foundation

…Non-business foundations are divided into genera...

Law of the Sea

...That is, (1) the maritime order consisting of ...

Display device

A general term for devices (elements, functional p...

Means of production

It refers to something that contributes to the pr...

Kihejima ruins - Kihejima ruins

...In areas such as the Setouchi region, records ...

Slate - nembangan (English spelling) slate

A mudstone or shale that has been subjected to we...

Phytotoma rutila (English name) Phytotomarutila

…[Naoya Abe]. … *Some of the terminology that men...