German astronomer. Born in Gehrlich. He served as an engineer at the Hamburg Observatory in 1882 and the Berlin Observatory in 1884, and was appointed director of the Bonn Observatory in 1891. From 1884 to 1885, he observed the aberration of light using a theodolite and discovered that there was a systematic change in the constant. In 1888, he announced that the cause was due to the polar motion of the Earth, which was a verification of Euler's theoretical prediction regarding latitude changes. This discovery was confirmed at observatories around the country a year later. During his time as director, he promoted meridian observation of stars, and published two star catalogs in 1908 and 1916. He also observed the radial velocity of stars, which led to the determination of the parallax of the sun. [Shimamura Fukutaro] [References] | | | | | | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
ドイツの天文学者。ゲールリヒ生まれ。1882年ハンブルク天文台、1884年ベルリン天文台の技師を歴任し、1891年にボン天文台長に就任。1884~1885年経緯儀による光行差を観測し、その定数に系統的変化があることを発見した。1888年、その原因が地球の極運動に基づくことを公表したが、これは緯度変化に関するオイラーの理論的予測の実証であった。この発見は1年後に各地の天文台で確認された。台長時代に恒星の子午線観測を推進して、1908年と1916年、再度にわたり二つの恒星表を出版。また恒星の視線速度を観測し、それにより太陽の視差を求めた。 [島村福太郎] [参照項目] | | | | | | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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