Yen

Japanese: 円 - えん

〘noun〙① something that is round; a round thing; a round ring. ※I Am a Cat (1905-06)〈Natsume Soseki〉 2 "A circle is suddenly drawn with the mouth as the center." ② A curve on a plane. The path of points equidistant from a certain point. The circumference. Also, the part of a plane enclosed by it. 〔Kogaku Jiji (1886)〕③ The basic unit of currency in Japan. One hundred times the size of a sen. ※Handsome Book: Jinshin Nozomi Kikan (1814) 1 "Otto ni Yen (en) ni Hoshi yoshi" ※Shogaku Tokuhon (Elementary School Reader) (1873)〈Tanaka Yoshikane〉 1 "One hundred sen is called one yen." ④ French. Something that is perfect and without any imperfections. [Essay] (Regarding ③) In the early modern period, due to the shape of the oval coin, it was used synonymously with "ryo", but in 1871 ( Meiji 4 ), it was adopted by the "New Currency Act" and was equivalent to 4 bu (1.5 grams) of pure gold, which was equivalent to one ryo or one kanmon (1000 yen). However, it was in 1897 that the gold standard was established and directly linked to gold, and the "Currency Act" stipulated that it was equivalent to 2 bu (0.75 grams) of pure gold. After leaving the gold standard in 1931 ( Showa 6 ), the exchange rate against the dollar or the pound became the standard for its value. The value of the yen plummeted during and after World War II, but in 1949, it was set at 1 dollar = 360 yen. When Japan became an IMF Article 8 country in 1964, the convertibility of the yen began to recover, and its value further increased internationally due to its remarkable economic growth, and in December 1971, it was revalued to 1 dollar = 308 yen. In February 1973, the United States devalued the dollar again, which prompted all major currencies to move to floating exchange rates, and the yen followed suit.

Tsubu-ra [Yen]

〘Adjective-verb〙 The appearance of being round and plump. The appearance of being small and round. A round-shaped flower. ※Yamatohime-no-mikoto Seiki (around 1270-85) "There was once a small, round hill here." ※Junjoshishu (1921) <Haruo Sato> Hiru no Tsuki "Your eyes are round, so it is difficult to know your heart."

Won [Yen]

〘Noun〙 (Korean pronunciation of "yen") 1. The currency unit of the Republic of Korea. In 1962, it was replaced by the previous monetary unit "圜(hoang) ". 2. The currency unit of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea.

Maririka [Yen]

〘Adjective-verb〙＝Maroraka（円━）※Taichibon New Avatamsaka Sutra Ongi (late Nara period) "mercenary chief〈abbreviation〉Japanese language Maririkani "

Mato [yen]

〘Adjective-verb〙 = Madoka (en━) [Kyowahon Shinsen Jikyo (around 898-901)]

Source: The Selected Edition of the Japanese Language Dictionary About the Selected Edition of the Japanese Language Dictionary Information

Japanese:

〘名〙① まるいこと。まるいもの。まるい輪。※吾輩は猫である（1905‐06）〈夏目漱石〉二「口を中心として急劇に円を劃して見る」② 平面上の曲線の一つ。一定点から等距離にある点の軌跡。円周。また、それによって囲まれた平面の部分。〔工学字彙（1886）〕③ 日本の貨幣の基本単位。銭の百倍。※滑稽本・人心覗機関（1814）上「ヲット二円(ヱン)二方よしよし」※小学読本（1873）〈田中義廉〉一「百銭を一円といふ」④ 仏語。完全で欠けるところがないこと。[語誌](③について) 近世、小判の形から、「両」と同意に使われたが、明治四年（一八七一）「新貨条例」によって採用され、純金四分（一・五グラム）に相当し、それまでの一両、または永一貫文にあたるとされた。しかし、実質的に金本位制が確立して金と直結したのは明治三〇年で、「貨幣法」によって純金の量目二分（〇・七五グラム）に相当すると定められた。昭和六年（一九三一）の金本位制離脱後は、対ドルあるいは対ポンド相場がその価値の基準となった。第二次大戦中から戦後にかけて円の価値は暴落したが、昭和二四年一ドル三六〇円とされた。昭和三九年日本がＩＭＦ八条国になるとともに、円の交換性は回復に向かい、さらに目ざましい経済力の成長から国際的にも、その価値が高まり昭和四六年一二月、一ドル三〇八円と切り上げられた。昭和四八年二月、アメリカがドルの再度の切下げを行なったのを契機に、主要国通貨はいずれも変動相場制に移行し、円もこれにならった。