A metal cup is attached to the presenting part of the fetus (fetal head), and a negative pressure of 50 to 60 centimeters of mercury is applied to the cup through a rubber tube connected to the cup, and the cup is then pulled to facilitate delivery. It was developed in Sweden in 1954 and has become widely used in Japan. There are three cup sizes: large with a diameter of 49 mm, medium with a diameter of 44 mm, and small with a diameter of 33 mm. The cup is used according to the width of the vagina and the size of the cervix. Forceps delivery is also a technique to facilitate delivery, but vacuum delivery is more common in Japan and forceps delivery is more widely used in Europe and the United States. In either case, if used properly, there is no harm to the mother or the fetus. Both are performed under the same conditions, but forceps delivery has a stronger pulling force. If the caput sac, which is a swelling of the most descended part of the fetal head, is large, the suction cup may slip off and delivery may be impossible, in which case forceps delivery is necessary. [Masao Arai] [Reference] |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
胎児の先進部(児頭)に金属製のカップを装着し、これに連結したゴム管を通じて50~60センチメートル水銀柱の陰圧にして吸着させ、それを牽引(けんいん)して娩出の促進を図ることをいう。1954年にスウェーデンで開発され、日本でも広く用いられるようになった。カップの大きさは直径49ミリメートルの大、44ミリメートルの中、33ミリメートルの小の3種類があり、腟(ちつ)の広さや子宮口の大きさによって使い分ける。鉗子(かんし)分娩も同様に娩出の促進を図る手技であるが、日本では吸引分娩が多用され、欧米では鉗子分娩が広く行われている。どちらの場合でも上手に用いると母体にも胎児にも障害はない。両者とも同じ条件で行われるが、牽引力は鉗子分娩のほうが強い。児頭のもっとも下降している部分がむくんでできる産瘤(さんりゅう)が大きいと、吸引カップが滑脱して娩出できないことがあり、そのような場合は鉗子分娩が必要になる。 [新井正夫] [参照項目] |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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