Originally it was another name for pineapple, but nowadays it is used as a general term for many kinds of ornamental plants of the Bromeliaceae family. Most of them are native to tropical America. It is relatively easy to cultivate by planting in sphagnum moss, and after flowering, the new shoots that appear at the base of the plant are removed and replaced to renew the seedlings. Plants that have produced flowers will no longer produce flower spikes. The main species are listed below. Acanthostachys strobilacea (Pineapple bromeliad) produces orange-yellow, pinecone-shaped flower spikes about 4 cm long. Ananas nanas is also called the mini pineapple in horticulture, and produces pineapple-shaped aggregate fruits about 4 cm long at the end of thin flower stalks. Ananas bracteatus striatus also produces small aggregate fruits, but the leaves have a yellowish-white border. There is also a horticultural variety of pineapple (Ananas comosus) with leaves that have a border. Aechmea fulgens (coral bromeliad) produces numerous granular red flowers with bluish tips in panicles. Aechmea fasciata has beautiful pink bracts. Aechmea chantini has dark green leaves with silvery-white horizontal stripes and branched inflorescences. Vliesea splendens (traffic bromeliad) has dark green leaves that hug each other like a tube with broad purple-brown horizontal stripes on the undersides, and its long sword-shaped inflorescences have beautiful scarlet bracts that last a lifetime. Vliesea carinata (incoan bromeliad) produces flat inflorescences at the end of long stalks, with bracts that are two colors, red and yellow-green. Tillandsia cyanea (flowering bromeliad) has thin, linear leaves and produces large blue-purple flowers that bloom from pink bracts in flattened inflorescences. Tillandsia usneoides is a species similar to the lichen Usnea and is grown in hanging pots for decoration. In recent years, plants of this genus (Tillandsia) have been sold as "air plants." Cryptanthus zonatus has dark green leaves with jagged brown stripes and wavy leaf edges. All of these species are relatively small and suitable for home use. Guzmania magnifica has bright red leathery bracts arranged in a star shape at the leaf center, within which white flowers grow. Neoregelia carolinae tricolor has glossy dark green leaves with ivory vertical stripes, rose to red leaf centers, and purple flowers with white edges. Other commonly cultivated plants include Billbergia, Bromeliad, Dyckia, Nidularium, Portea, and Caesneria. → Related topics: Houseplants | Tropical plants | Pineapple Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information |
元来はパイナップルの別名だが,最近では多種類のパイナップル科の観葉植物の総称として用いられる。ほとんどが熱帯アメリカ原産。栽培は比較的容易で,ミズゴケ植えにし,開花後株元から出る新芽をはずして差し替え,苗を更新させる。花を出した株からは花穂はもう出ない。以下,おもな種をあげる。アカントスタキス・ストロビラセア(マツカサアナナス)は,長さ約4cmの橙黄色,松笠状の花穂をつける。アナナス・ナナスは園芸上ミニパイナップルとも呼ばれ,細い花茎の先に長さ4cm前後のパイナップル型集合果をつける。アナナス・ブラクテアタス・ストリアタスは,やはり小型の集合果をつけるが,葉に黄白色の覆輪が入る。パイナップル(アナナス・コモーサス)そのものにも,葉に覆輪の入る園芸品種がある。エクメア・フルゲンス(サンゴアナナス)は,先端が青みを帯びた粒状の赤い花を円錐花序に多数つける。エクメア・ファッシアータは桃色の包葉が美しい。エクメア・チャンティニーは銀白色の横縞(よこじま)が入る濃緑色の葉をもち,花穂は分枝する。フリーセア・スプレンデンス(トラフアナナス)は筒状に抱き合った暗緑色の葉の裏に紫褐色の幅広い横紋があり,長い剣状の穂状花穂は緋紅(ひこう)色の包葉がいつまでも美しい。フリーセア・カリナータ(インコアナナス)は長い花柄の先に扁平な花穂がつき,包葉は赤と黄緑との2色になる。ティランドシア・キアネア(ハナアナナス)は細い線状の葉で,平べったい穂状花序の桃色をした包葉から青紫色の大きな花を咲かせる。ティランドシア・ウスネオイデス(サルオガセモドキ)は,地衣類のサルオガセに似た種で,吊り鉢にして観賞される。近年〈エアープランツ〉と称して売られているのはこの属(ティランドシア)の植物である。クリプタンサス・ゾナタス(トラフヒメアナナス)は暗緑色の葉に褐色でぎざぎざの横紋がはいり葉縁は波状をなす。この類はみな割合に小型で家庭向き。グズマニア・マグニフィカは葉心に真赤な革質の包葉が星形に並び,その中に白い花がつく。ネオレゲリア・カロリナエ・トリカラーはつやのある濃緑色の葉に象牙(ぞうげ)色の縦縞(たてじま)がはいり,葉心部は,ばら〜紅色を帯び,花色は紫で,縁が白い。このほか,ビルベルギア,ブロメリア,ディッキア,ニズラリウム,ポルテア,ケスネリアなどの属の植物も,よく栽培されている。 →関連項目観葉植物|熱帯植物|パイナップル 出典 株式会社平凡社百科事典マイペディアについて 情報 |
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