Nine-layered text - Kujomon

Japanese: 九疊文 - くじょうもん
Nine-layered text - Kujomon

...something used to carve letters or designs to indicate one's identity or to indicate one's ownership, rights, obligations, etc., and to stamp them on utensils, letters, etc. It originated in Western Asia. It spread to Egypt and Europe, and was used in East Asia since ancient times. In Japan, it is also called a seal, stamp, seal, or hanko. There are many different shapes, functions, uses, etc., and there are differences and changes depending on the region and the era. Below, we will trace its historical development by region.
[West Asia]
Ancient West Asian seals are divided into stamp seals and cylinder seals, depending on the way they are pressed.

*Some of the terminology explanations that refer to "Kudanbun" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…自己を表示したり,あるいは自己の所有,権利・義務などを示す文字,図様を彫刻して,器物,信書などに押すために使用されたもの。西アジアに起源をもつ。エジプト,ヨーロッパにも伝わり,東アジアでも古くより用いられた。日本では印,判,印判,はんこなどともいう。形体,機能,用途等は多様であり,かつ地域,時代による相違,変遷がある。以下,地域に分けてその歴史的展開をあとづける。
【西アジア】
 古代西アジアの印章は,その押し方の違いによってスタンプ印章と円筒印章とに分けられる。…

※「九疊文」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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