Kushiyama Tomb

Japanese: 櫛山古墳 - くしやまこふん

<br /> This ancient tomb is located in Yanagimoto- cho , Tenri City, Nara Prefecture, adjacent to the east side of Andonyama Tomb (the tomb of Emperor Sujin ). Its external shape is characterized by being a medium-sized tomb on both sides, with a shorter square section laid on top of the circular rear section of a typical keyhole-shaped tomb. The tomb is piled up in three tiers, with the tops of the front and middle tiers flat and scattered with white pebbles 3-4cm in diameter, suggesting that they were laid out around the burial facility. An excavation survey was carried out in 1948 (Showa 23), which also served to maintain the mound, and it was found to be 148m long, with a diameter of 90m for the middle tier, 60m in length and width for the front tier, and 25m in length for the rear tier. A moat remains around the tomb, measuring 190m east-west and 165m north-south, and the width of the moat on the side of the front tier is approximately 56m. It was designated a national historic site in 1957 (Showa 32). In the center of the central circle, there is a vertical stone chamber perpendicular to the main axis, with an estimated total length of 7.1m inside, width of about 1.4m, and height of over 1.2m. A piece of a coffin lid with a rope hanging protrusion and a stone piece that is thought to be the bottom of the coffin from the end plate were excavated from inside the stone chamber, and it is assumed that a long-shaped stone coffin was placed in the depression in the center, so it is attracting attention as a transitional burial mound from the early to middle Kofun period. It is about a 15-minute walk from Yanagimoto Station on the JR Sakurai Line.

Source: Kodansha National Historic Site Guide Information

Japanese:

奈良県天理市柳本町にある、行燈山(あんどんやま)古墳（崇神(すじん)天皇陵）の東側に接する古墳。外形が双方中円墳という特色を示し、一般的な前方後円墳の後円部分に、さらに短い方形部を敷設している。古墳は3段に積み上げられており、前方部と中円部の頂上は平坦で、径3～4cmの白色の小石がちらばっていることから、埋葬施設の周辺に敷きつめられたと推測される。1948年（昭和23）に墳丘の整備も兼ねた発掘調査が実施され、全長148m、中円部径90m、前方部の長さと幅が60m、後方部の長さが25mの規模であることが判明した。周囲に周濠の区画が残り、その範囲は東西190m、南北165m、前方部側面での周濠幅は約56m。1957年（昭和32）に国の史跡に指定された。中円部の中心に主軸に直交した竪穴(たてあな)式石室が設けられており、全長は内法で7.1m、幅1.4m前後、高さも1.2m以上あったと推定される。石室内からは、縄掛突起がついた棺蓋の一片と小口板から棺底と思われる石材が出土しており、中央部のくぼみに長持ち形石棺が安置されていたと推測されることから、古墳時代前期から中期への過渡的な古墳として注目されている。JR桜井線柳本駅から徒歩約15分。

出典　講談社国指定史跡ガイドについて　情報

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