An international organization of modern architects. Its abbreviation is CIAM. Its purpose was to pursue and realize the issues and ideals of modern architecture and urban planning. Under the general secretary Sigfried Giedion, Walter Gropius, Le Corbusier and others participated, and the first conference was held in La Salle, Switzerland in 1928. Reflecting the issues pursued by the organization, the second conference, "Minimum Living Housing" (1929, Frankfurt am Main), the third conference, "Rational Methods of Layout" (1930, Brussels), followed, and the fourth conference, "The Functional City" (1933, Athens), presented the "Athens Charter", which is known for defining the principles of urban planning. After World War II, the conference resumed with the sixth conference in 1947, but at the tenth conference (1956, Dubrovnik), the rise of the younger generation group Team X called into question the existence of the conference, and it was closed. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
近代建築家の国際的組織。略称 CIAM。近代建築および都市計画の課題と理念を追究し,その実現をはかることを目的とした。ジークフリート・ギーディオン書記長のもと,ワルター・グロピウス,ル・コルビュジエらが参画し,1928年スイスのラ・サラで第1回が開かれた。組織の追求する課題を反映して,第2回「生活最小限住宅」 (1929,フランクフルトアムマイン) ,第3回「配置の合理的方法」 (1930,ブリュッセル) と続き,第4回「機能的都市」 (1933,アテネ) を通じて提出された「アテネ憲章」は,都市計画の原則を定めたものとして知られる。第2次世界大戦後は 1947年の第6回から再開されたが,第 10回 (1956,ドゥブロブニク) において若い世代のグループチームXの台頭により存在の是非が問われ,以後閉会となった。
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