Paraxial ray

Japanese: 近軸光線 - きんじくこうせん（英語表記）paraxial ray

In an optical imaging system such as a lens or spherical mirror, a ray of light passes close to the optical axis and makes a small angle with the optical axis. A small angle θ (unit radian) is an angle so small that it can be approximated as sin θ ≒ θ. For such a bundle of rays, spherical aberration in the broad sense becomes very small, and imaging is considered to be almost perfect, except for chromatic aberration. Optics in such a system is also called Gaussian geometric optics.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

レンズや球面鏡などの光学結像系で，光軸の近くを通り，光軸と小さい角度をなす光線。小さい角度θ (単位ラジアン) とは sin θ≒θ と近似できる程度の微小角をいう。このような光線束に対しては，広義の球面収差は非常に小さくなり，色収差を除いて，結像はほとんど完全であると考えられる。このような系における光学をガウスの幾何光学ともいう。

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