Hypericaceae - Otogiri souka

Japanese: オトギリソウ科 - おとぎりそうか
Hypericaceae - Otogiri souka

Dicotyledonous, polypetalous. Shrubs or herbs, leaves usually grow opposite each other. Oil spots are distributed on the leaf blade, sepals, petals, and tips of stamens. If the oil cells contain oil and a red pigment called hypericin, the oil spots become black spots, and if they do not, they become light spots. Hermaphrodite flowers grow in cymes with 5 sepals and 5 petals, and are separate. Many stamens are gathered in bundles of 3 or 5. The pistil is superior to the ovary, and when ripe it becomes a capsule with many seeds. There are 7 genera and about 400 species, most of which are tropical and few in temperate regions. In Japan, only herbs of the genera Hypericum and Hypericum grow naturally, and in Okinawa, besides the ornamental plants Garcinia japonica and Bryony, and the tropical fruit tree mangosteen.

[Akiko Sugiyama July 21, 2020]

In the APG classification, it is classified as Hypericaceae. However, the family of Camphorwood is separated into the family Camphoraceae, and the family of Calocarpa is separated into the family Calocarpa.

[Editorial Department, July 21, 2020]

[References] | Golden sedge | Weeping willow | Mangosteen

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

双子葉植物、離弁花類。低木または草本で、葉は普通対生する。葉身、萼片(がくへん)、花弁、雄しべの先端などに油点を分布する。油点は、油細胞に油質とヒペリシンという赤色素を含むと黒点となり、含まないと明点となる。両性花は集散花序となり、萼片5、花弁5で、離生し、雄しべは多数が3または5の束に集まる。雌しべは子房上位で、熟すと蒴果(さくか)となり、多数の種子をもつ。7属、約400種あり、熱帯に多く、温帯のものは少ない。日本にはオトギリソウ属、ミズオトギリ属の草本のみが自生し、フクギが沖縄に植えられるほか、観賞植物のキンシバイ、ビヨウヤナギや熱帯果樹のマンゴスチンがある。

[杉山明子 2020年7月21日]

 APG分類でもオトギリソウ科とされる。ただしフクギの仲間はフクギ科、テリハボクの仲間はテリハボク科として独立した。

[編集部 2020年7月21日]

[参照項目] | キンシバイ | ビヨウヤナギ | マンゴスチン

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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