A general term for marine animals of the family Favia, subclass Hexacorallia, order Scleractinia, class Anthozoa, phylum Coelenterata, family Anthozoidae, or one of these. Favia speciosa is commonly found at depths of 2-20 meters south of Sagami Bay. It is the most common species, distributed widely in coral reefs in the Pacific and Indian Oceans. The colonies are clumpy or hemispherical, usually 20-40 centimeters in diameter, but some can reach 3 meters. The capsules are almost circular and about 1 centimeter in diameter. There are about 40 thin septa, about 15 of which reach the center of the capsule. The capsules protrude slightly from the surface, so there are grooves between adjacent capsules. The colony grows asexually by intraoral fission. The color of the polyp flesh varies, including brown, green, and reddish brown. The tentacles are colorless and transparent, very long, and equipped with pale yellow stinging cells at the tips. The polyps are nocturnal and feed on plankton. Many stony corals are not suited to growing in environments influenced by land water, but this species is often found in such areas. Similar species in the Asteridae family include the genera Leptastrea , Plesiastrea , and Cyphastrea , which have extraoral divisions, and the genera Favites and Goniastrea, which have intraoral divisions. All of these species have chrysanthemum-shaped pods on the surface of their skeletons, and are called Asteridae. [Hiroomi Uchida] [Reference] |(Dana) Cenozoic Quaternary Holocene Specimen width: approx. 13 cm Produced in Tateyama, Chiba Prefecture Photo: National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology Geological Survey of Japan (GSJ F7655) Fabia speciosa (chrysanthemum) Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
腔腸(こうちょう)動物門花虫綱六放サンゴ亜綱イシサンゴ目キクメイシ科の海産動物の総称、またはそのなかの1種。キクメイシFavia speciosaは、相模(さがみ)湾以南の水深2~20メートルに普通に産する。太平洋、インド洋のサンゴ礁域に広く分布し、もっとも普通にみられる種である。群体は塊状または半球状で、その径は通常20~40センチメートルであるが、3メートルに及ぶものもある。莢(きょう)はほぼ円形で径は約1センチメートル。隔壁は薄く約40枚、そのうち約15枚は莢心に達する。莢は表面よりわずかに突出するため、隣接する莢の間に溝がある。口盤内分裂による無性生殖で群体は成長する。ポリプ肉部の色彩は褐色、緑色、赤褐色などの変異がある。触手は無色透明で非常に長く、先端に淡黄色の刺胞球を備える。ポリプは夜間に活動してプランクトンを摂食する。多くのイシサンゴ類は陸水の影響を受ける環境では成育が適さないが、本種はそのような海域にもよくみられる。 キクメイシ科の近似種には、口盤外分裂をするルリサンゴ属Leptastrea、マルキクメイシ属Plesiastrea、トゲキクメイシ属Cyphastreaや、口盤内分裂をするカメノコキクメイシ属Favites、コカメノコキクメイシ属Goniastreaなどがある。これらは、いずれも骨格表面は菊紋状の莢が並び、キクメイシ類とよばれる。 [内田紘臣] [参照項目] |(Dana) 新生代第四紀完新世 標本の幅約13cm 千葉県館山市産写真/産業技術総合研究所地質調査総合センター(GSJ F7655)"> ファビア・スペシオサ(キクメイシ) 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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