Ghardaïa (English spelling)

Japanese: ガルダイア（英語表記）Ghardaïa

An oasis city in the north of the oasis region in southeastern Algeria, on the left bank of the M'zab River. It is a key transportation point in the Sahara, about 470 km south of the capital Algiers. It was founded in the 11th century by the Berber M'zabis who fled to the desert to protect their Khawarij Islamic faith. Five oases are scattered in a depression surrounded by rocky desert. Irrigation using power pumps from deep wells has expanded the area of cultivated land, but it is still far from meeting the needs of the residents, so goods are imported from outside. Handicrafts such as woolen textiles and carpets made by women are famous. Trade activities in the desert and remittances from migrant workers support the oasis economy. Many of the small shops selling food and other items imported from coastal cities other than Algiers are run by the M'zabis, who are characterized by their short bodies and short heads. The rows of houses densely packed in a stepped pattern around a mosque on a hill, and the beautiful homes in the palm groves, were registered as a World Heritage Site in 1982. Population: 89,415 (1987 estimate).

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

アルジェリア南東部，オアシス地方北部にあるオアシス都市で，ムザブ川の左岸にある。首都アルジェの南方約 470kmにあるサハラ交通の要衝。 11世紀にベルベル語系のムザブ人がハワーリジ派イスラムの信仰を守るために砂漠に逃れて建設。周囲を岩石砂漠に囲まれた凹地に五つのオアシスが点在する。深井戸からの動力ポンプ揚水による灌漑で耕地面積は拡大したが，住民の必要を満たすにはほど遠く，物資を外部から移入する。女性の手による毛織物，絨毯などの手工業が有名。砂漠での交易活動と出稼ぎによる送金がオアシス経済を支えている。アルジェのほかの沿岸都市から移入された食料品などの小商店は，特徴のある短身短頭のムザブ人が経営するものが多い。丘の上に建つモスクを中心に階段状に密集した家並み，ヤシ園の中の住居は美しく，1982年世界遺産の文化遺産に登録。人口8万 9415 (1987推計) 。

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