Local strength - local strength

Japanese: 局部強度 - きょくぶきょうど

...The following describes the hull strength of merchant ships, but the basic concept is the same for warships, fishing boats, etc. Hull strength can be divided into three categories depending on the scope of the hull structure being considered: (1) overall strength when the hull is considered as a single beam whose cross section changes along the length of the ship, (2) partial structural strength, which considers the strength of the hold, the main structural part of a merchant ship, by treating it as a frame structure or plate structure and considering its strength in order to consider in more detail, and (3) local strength, which considers the strength of special structures such as the detailed structure inside the hold, the bow and stern, and the engine room.
[Overall strength]
In the overall strength of a ship sailing through waves, for convenience, the loads acting on it and the response to them are considered separately for steady and fluctuating components.

From [Hull Structure]

…Ships that are loaded with cargo and sometimes sail through rough seas must have sufficient hull strength to ensure structural safety, so that damage or other accidents do not occur due to external forces from waves, etc. This hull strength is conveniently divided into longitudinal strength, transverse strength, and local strength. Longitudinal strength is the strength of the entire hull when the hull is considered to be a single beam whose cross section changes along its length. Transverse strength is the strength of the partial structure in which the hold is considered to be a plate structure or a frame structure (or, to simplify further, the structure obtained by cutting the hull into a single structural unit along its length). Local strength is the strength of the plates and frames inside the hold, at the bow and stern, in the engine room, etc. …

From "boat"

…The deck is equipped with a superstructure and deckhouses, which are used for the wheelhouse, accommodation, storehouses, etc. The strength of a ship is considered from the standpoint of both transverse strength (also called partial structural strength or local strength) and longitudinal strength (overall strength). For small ships, a ship that satisfies the transverse strength will also be fully satisfied with the longitudinal strength, but the larger the ship, the more important it is to consider the longitudinal strength. …

*Some of the terminology that refers to "local strength" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…以下では商船の船体強度について述べるが，軍艦や漁船などでも基本的な考え方は同じである。　船体強度は検討対象とする船体構造の範囲によって，(1)船体を船の長さ方向に断面が変化する1本のはりとみなしたときの全体強度，(2)商船の主要構造部分である船倉をより詳しく検討するため，船倉部分を骨組構造，あるいは板構造とみなしてその強度を考える部分構造強度，(3)船倉内部の詳細な構造や船首尾部，機関室部分などの特殊な構造の強度を検討する局部強度の三つに分けられる。
［全体強度］
　波浪中を航行する船の全体強度においては，便宜上，作用する荷重とそれに対する応答を定常分と変動分とに分けて検討する。…

【船体構造】より

…　貨物を積載し，ときには荒天を航行する船は，波などから受ける外力によって損傷などの事故が生ずることのないように，構造安全性に関して必要十分な船体強度を保持しなければならない。この船体強度は，便宜的に縦強度，横強度，局部強度に分けられる。縦強度は，船体を長さ方向に断面が変化する1本の梁とみなしたときの船体全体としての強度，横強度は，船倉部分を板構造，あるいは骨組構造と考える部分構造(さらに単純化する場合には，船体をその長さ方向の一構造単位分だけ輪切りにして得られる構造)の強度，局部強度は，船倉内部，船首尾部，機関室部分などの板や骨に関する強度である。…