Fishing zone - Gyogyousuiiki (English spelling)

Japanese: 漁業水域 - ぎょぎょうすいいき（英語表記）fishery zone

A zone in which a coastal state can exercise exclusive jurisdiction over the allocation of fishing resources and the regulation of fishing activities. It was also called an exclusive fishing zone. In the 1960s, the United States, Canada, and other nations proposed a concept at the Second United Nations Conference on the Law of the Sea (1960), and the 12-mile fishing zone was becoming the general system. This was triggered by the Third United Nations Conference on the Law of the Sea (73) and the establishment of a 200-mile fishing zone by the United States in 1976 under the Fisheries Conservation and Management Act, and spread to other countries. Furthermore, the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (82) institutionalized a territorial sea of 12 nautical miles and an exclusive economic zone of 200 nautical miles, so that the so-called fishing zone was absorbed into the exclusive economic zone, and the zone was effectively expanded to 200 nautical miles.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

沿岸国が漁業資源の配分や操業活動の規制について，排他的管轄権を行使できる水域。漁業専管水域ともいわれた。 1960年代にはアメリカ，カナダなどが第2次国連海洋法会議 (1960) で提唱した概念に基づき，12カイリの漁業水域が一般的制度として確定しつつあった。第3次国連海洋法会議 (73) および 76年アメリカが漁業保存管理法により 200カイリ漁業水域を設定したのを契機に各国に波及した。さらに，国連海洋法条約 (82) において 12カイリの領海および 200カイリの排他的経済水域が制度化されたため，いわゆる漁業水域は排他的経済水域に吸収され，事実上 200カイリまで拡大されることとなった。

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