The phenomenon in which an oscillator system strongly absorbs energy when subjected to an external force with a frequency close to its natural frequency. In quantum systems, when a material system such as an atom has discrete energy levels, and energy equivalent to the difference between the levels is applied from the outside, the material system absorbs the energy and moves to a higher energy level. The absorption spectrum is an example of resonance absorption. Energy absorbed by a material system can be converted to thermal energy, or in the case of a thin gas, it can be released again as light. The light released in this case is called resonance radiation, and its spectral lines are called resonance lines. When referring to resonance lines, the term often refers to the spectral lines when a material system moves directly to the ground state. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
振動子系がその固有振動数に近い振動数をもつ外力を受けると,エネルギーを強く吸収する現象。また量子系では,原子などの物質系がとびとびのエネルギー準位をもっているとき,それら準位間の差に相当するエネルギーを外部から与えると,それを吸収して,その物質系がより高いエネルギー準位に移る現象をいう。吸収スペクトルは共鳴吸収の一例である。物質系に吸収されたエネルギーは,熱エネルギーに変ったり,薄い気体では再び光として放出されたりする。このとき放出される光を共鳴放射,そのスペクトル線を共鳴線という。共鳴線というときは,物質系が直接基底状態に移るときのスペクトル線をさすことが多い。
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