Synergistic muscle

Japanese: 共同筋 - きょうどうきん
Synergistic muscle

…For example, when we look to the right, the lateral rectus muscle of the right eye and the medial rectus muscle of the left eye work together. Such a pair of muscles is called a synergistic muscle. In contrast, the group of muscles that act in the opposite direction to the movement (in the above case, the medial rectus muscle of the right eye and the lateral rectus muscle of the left eye) are called antagonistic muscles. …

From [Muscle]

...In the former type of muscle, the nerves controlling it are generally thin compared to the size of the muscle, while in the latter type, the nerves are thick compared to the size of the muscle.
[Synthetic and antagonistic muscles]
In everyday movements, in many cases, not only one specific muscle is working, but multiple muscles are working at the same time. In this way, muscles that work together during a single movement are called synergistic muscles.

*Some of the terminology that refers to "joint muscles" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…たとえば共同運動で右を見るときは,右眼の外直筋と左眼の内直筋が共同して働く。このような1組の筋肉を共同筋という。これに対し,運動方向と逆の作用をもつ筋群(上記の場合は右眼の内直筋と左眼の外直筋)を拮抗筋という。…

【筋肉】より

…前者のような筋肉では,一般に筋肉の大きい割にはその支配神経は細く,また後者の場合には反対に,筋肉の小さい割には神経が太い。
[共同筋と対抗筋]
 日常の運動に際しては,多くの場合,特定の一つの筋肉だけが働くのではなく,同時に複数の筋肉が働いている。このように,一つの運動に際して協力して働く筋肉を互いに共同筋という。…

※「共同筋」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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