Kyogoku school

A school of medieval waka poetry. Founded by Kyogoku Tamekane and based at the Jimyoin Imperial Court, it was practiced for about 60 years from around 1285 (Kōan 8). It placed emphasis on detailed observation of the subject and realistic expression using free language, and was in opposition to the formalism of the Nijō school. It was particularly known for its fresh poems about nature, with movement and light. "Although the shadow of the setting sun is cast on the waves, the distant island is covered in color" (Tamekane).

The fruits of their activities were the publication of the Gyokuyoshu and Fugashu, but the tradition fell into decline when Emperor Kogon was captured by the Southern Court during the Kanno Disturbance (1349-1352). Representative poets include Emperor Fushimi, Emperor Eifukumon'in, Jusanmi Tameshi, Hanazono'in, and Princess Shinshi.

[Miyoko Iwasa]

"Research on Kyogoku School Poets" by Iwasa Miyoko (1974, Kasama Shoin)

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

中世和歌の一流派。京極為兼(ためかね)の主唱により持明院統(じみょういんとう)宮廷を基盤に1285年（弘安8）ごろから約60年間行われた。対象を精細に観照し、自由な用語で迫真的に表現することを重んじ、二条派の形式主義と対立。とくに動きと光のある清新な自然詠に特色を示す。「波の上にうつる夕日の影はあれど遠つ小島は色くれにけり」（為兼）。

　活動の成果として『玉葉集』『風雅集』がなるが、観応(かんのう)の擾乱(じょうらん)（1349～52）で光厳(こうごん)院が南朝に捕らわれるに及び衰滅した。代表歌人に伏見(ふしみ)院、永福門院(えいふくもんいん)、従三位(じゅさんみ)為子、花園(はなぞの)院、進子(しんし)内親王らがある。

［岩佐美代子］

『岩佐美代子著『京極派歌人の研究』（1974・笠間書院）』

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