Boundary layer theory

Japanese: 境界層理論 - きょうかいそうりろん
Boundary layer theory

...The concept of the boundary layer was introduced by L. Prandtl in 1904 to resolve these contradictions, and formed the basis of modern fluid mechanics.
[Boundary Layer Theory]
Let us suppose that the fluid outside an infinitely large stationary flat plate starts to move parallel to the wall at a constant velocity U. In real fluids, the velocity of the fluid at the wall is zero due to viscosity, so there exists a region near the surface of the wall where there is a velocity gradient and vortices are distributed (Figure 1).

*Some of the terminology that refers to "boundary layer theory" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…境界層という考え方は,これらの矛盾を救済するためにL.プラントルによって1904年に導入されたもので,近代流体力学の基礎を作った。
[境界層理論]
 いま無限に広い静止平板の外側の流体が,一定速度Uで壁に平行に動き始めたとしよう。実在の流体では粘性のために壁面での流体の速度は0となるから,壁の表面付近には,速度こう配があって渦が分布している領域が存在する(図1)。…

※「境界層理論」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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