"Old Manchurian Archives"

...The language of the Manchu people, who arose in northeastern China (Manchuria) and founded the Qing Dynasty in the early 17th century. It is one of the Tungusic languages. Manchu was spoken in Manchuria, but after the capital was moved from Shenyang to Beijing, Manchu-speaking Manchu spread widely throughout mainland China. However, the Manchu people, who conquered China militarily and politically, were also conquered culturally, and as their language came to use Chinese, Manchu declined, and today it is only used in a few villages in Heilongjiang Province in the northeast. However, the descendants of soldiers and families of the Sibe (also called Sibo) people, who migrated from Manchuria to Xinjiang in 1764-65 (29th-30th year of Qianlong) to defend the far western border of the Qing Dynasty, still speak Manchu today in Qapqal Sibe (Qapqal Sibe) Autonomous County in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region. ...

*Some of the terminology explanations that refer to "Old Manchurian Archives" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

…中国東北部(満州)に興り，17世紀初め清を建国した満州族の言語。ツングース諸語の一つ。満州語は，満州におこなわれたが，都を瀋陽から北京に移してからは，満州語を話す満州族は中国本土に広くひろがった。しかし，中国を軍事的･政治的には征服した満州族も，文化的には征服され，言語も中国語を使うようになって満州語は衰え，今日，東北部では黒竜江省の数部落くらいでしか使われなくなった。ところが，遠く清の西辺の防備のため，1764年から65年(乾隆29‐30)にかけて満州から新疆へ移住したシベ(錫伯)族(シボ族ともいう)の兵士と家族の子孫が，今日も新疆ウイグル自治区のチャプチャルシベ(察布査爾錫伯)自治県などで満州語を話している。…

※「《旧満州档》」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第２版について | 情報