Ototoxicity

Japanese: 聴器毒 - ちょうきどく（英語表記）ototoxicity

This refers to cases where certain chemical substances act on the living body to cause inner ear damage, resulting in cochlear symptoms such as hearing loss, tinnitus, and a feeling of blockage in the ear, and vestibular symptoms such as dizziness. Although the parts of the inner ear that are damaged vary depending on the type of drug, generally the sensory cells of the spiral apparatus of the cochlea, mainly the outer hair cells, and the type I cells of the sensory epithelium of the vestibular sensory organ are easily affected. In the cochlea, the lower turn is usually the most susceptible to damage, and in the vestibule, the ridge of the semicircular canal ampullate is the most susceptible to damage. When viewed on a hearing test, hearing loss progresses from 8000 Hz to lower frequencies.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

ある種の化学物質が生体に作用して内耳障害を起こさせ，難聴，耳鳴り，耳閉塞感などの蝸牛症状とめまいなどの前庭症状があらわれる場合をいう。薬剤の種類により内耳の障害される部位が異なるが，一般に蝸牛のらせん器の感覚細胞の主として外有毛細胞および前庭感覚器の感覚上皮のI型細胞が侵されやすい。蝸牛では通常下部回転ほど，また前庭では半規管膨大部稜が最も障害を受けやすい。聴力像でみると8000Hzから順次低音部へと聴力低下は進行する。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

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