...However, this was probably only possible in the emerging civil society of the Netherlands. In other words, Velázquez, a Spanish court painter from around the same time, painted "The Ladies of the Court" (1656) as a "studio view" in which he stood while painting in uniform, and the Catholic Dutch painters Rubens and van Dyck both painted self-portraits in a conspicuous pose as aristocrats, and there is no single-minded confrontational attitude seen in Rembrandt. On the other hand, after the second half of the 18th century, as civil society was established and artists gradually became independent from artisan guilds and courts, they painted self-portraits that emphasized their own uniqueness, sometimes even showing bohemian or self-deprecating poses. *Some of the terminology explanations that refer to "the palace ladies" are listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…しかしこれは,新興国オランダの市民社会において初めて可能であったことと思われる。すなわち,ほぼ同時期のスペインの宮廷画家ベラスケスは《宮女たち》(1656)を,制服姿で作画中の自身を立たせた〈アトリエ図〉として描き,またカトリック圏ネーデルラントの画家ルーベンスやファン・デイクはいずれも貴族としての顕示的な姿において自画像を描き,レンブラントに見る自己とのひたむきな対決の姿勢は見られない。その一方,18世紀後半以降市民社会が確立し,職人組合や宮廷からもしだいに独立した芸術家は,自己の特殊性を強調する形で自画像を描き,それはときにはボヘミアン的または自虐的な姿をさえ示すようになる。… ※「《宮女たち》」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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