Candlenuts

Japanese: キャンドルナッツ - きゃんどるなっつ
Candlenuts

…Palm oil is made from the endosperm of the coconut palm, but coconut milk, which is a step before coconut oil, is more commonly used for food. In this region, oil was collected from the candle nut tree of the Euphorbiaceae family and used for lighting. In China, soybeans, perilla, oil tea (camellia oleracea), and tallow were widely cultivated, but most were used for lighting or for rain gear, and lard was important for food. …

From [Light]

...This migratory fish is high in fat, and when dried and placed in the crack at the end of a stick and lit from the tail, it burns brightly and is used as a light source. In Polynesia, there is a torch made of several candlenuts stuck on the rachis of a coconut palm leaflet.
[Candle]
Torches made from resin-soaked bark or other materials can be seen as technological precursors to candles (burning solid fat with a central wick), but their appearance was a product of civilization.

*Some of the terminology that mentions "candlenuts" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…ヤシ油はココヤシの胚乳部からつくられるが,むしろその一歩手前のココナッツ・ミルクのほうが食用には一般的である。またこの地域ではトウダイグサ科のククイノキ(キャンドル・ナッツ)から油脂が採集され,灯火用に用いられていた。中国ではダイズ,エゴマ,油茶(アブラツバキ),アブラギリなどの品種改良が進んでいたが,多くは灯火用あるいは雨具用の油として用いられ,食用としては豚脂が重要であった。…

【灯火】より

…回遊性のこの魚は脂肪分が多く,乾燥させたものを棒の先端の割れ目に挟み,尾のほうから点火すると明るく燃えることから,照明として用いられた。またポリネシアには,アブラギリの実(キャンドルナッツcandlenut)をココヤシ小葉の葉軸にいくつもくし刺しにした松明がある。
[ろうそく]
 樹脂を樹皮などにしみこませた松明は,技術的にみればろうそく――固形脂肪を中心部の芯によって燃やすもの――の先駆とみることができるが,その出現は文明の所産であった。…

※「キャンドルナッツ」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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