…Huge flat stones are erected to form the walls and covered with a capping stone. Depending on their shape, they are called gallery tombs or passage tombs. They were originally covered by a burial mound and the stones were not exposed above ground, but in the broad sense, these are also included in megalithic monuments. … From [Dolmen]…A type of megalithic monument. In Breton, dol means table and men means stone, and it was so named because the large, flat ceiling stone supported by several blocks looks like a table. It is one of the most common burial forms used from the Neolithic to the early Iron Age. Those with side walls made of standing slabs or piled cut stones are not usually called dolmens. However, if several dolmens are connected together to widen the inner space and provide a long passage or opening in front, they become megalithic or stone-chamber tombs, known in Europe as passage graves or gallery graves. … *Some of the terminology that refers to "gallery tombs" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…巨大な平石を立てて壁体とし,上を蓋石で覆う。形状によってギャラリー(通廊)墓とかパッセージ(羨道(せんどう))墓などと呼びわけられる。もとは墳丘で覆われ,地上に石が露出していたわけではないが,広義にはこれらも巨石記念物に含められている。… 【ドルメン】より…巨石記念物の一種。ブルトン語でdolはテーブル,menは石を意味し,大きく扁平な1枚の天井石を数個の塊石で支えた形がテーブルのように見えることからこのように呼ばれた。新石器時代から鉄器時代初期に至るまでに行われた墓葬形制のうち,かなり普遍的なものの一つである。板石を立てたり切石を積んで側壁を築いたものは,ドルメンと呼ばないのが通例である。ただし,ドルメンをいくつかつないで内部の空間を広くし,前方に長い羨道や開口部を設ければ,ヨーロッパでパッセージグレーブpassage grave(羨道墓)とかギャラリーグレーブgallery grave(通廊墓)と呼ばれる巨石墓ないし石室墓となる。… ※「ギャラリー墓」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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