A floor covering. Carpets, rugs, felts, and other thick pile or shuttle-woven carpets made mainly from wool, as well as carpets made from cotton, hemp, plants, or synthetic fibers, are produced in a variety of ways and in a variety of shapes. Until the 19th century, carpets were used as tablecloths, but today they are used exclusively as floor coverings. They are sometimes used interchangeably with rugs, but the difference is that rugs usually refer to carpets that cover part of the floor, whereas carpets are used to cover the entire floor. Hand-woven carpets are believed to have been produced from bark since the Paleolithic period, and various types of carpets have developed in various regions. Representative carpets include Turkish carpets, Chinese rugs, Axminster carpets and Wilton carpets in England, and Persian carpets. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
床用の敷物。絨毯 (じゅうたん) ,緞通 (だんつう) ,毛氈など,主として羊毛を材料としたパイル織,もしくはシャトル織の厚手のもの,その他木綿,麻,植物,化学繊維を素材とするものなど,製法や形状も多様。 19世紀まで,テーブルクロスにも用いられたが,今日ではもっぱら敷物に使用される。ラッグと混用されることもあるが,通常,ラッグは床の一部をおおうものをさし,カーペットは床一面に敷きつめる点で異なる。手織のカーペットは,すでに旧石器時代より樹皮を用いて製作されたと推定され,各地で各種のカーペットの発達をみた。代表的なものにトルコ絨毯,中国の緞通,イギリスのアクスミンスター・カーペット,ウィルトン・カーペット,ペルシア絨毯などがある。
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