hākān (English spelling)

Japanese: hākān(英語表記)hakan
hākān (English spelling)

The second half of the 16th century saw some expansion, including the conquest of Cyprus (1571), but the expansion of the empire finally stagnated in the face of a counterattack by the Habsburg dynasty and other European powers (the Austro-Turkish Wars), as symbolized by the Battle of Lepanto (1571).
[Politics, Administration]
At the beginning of the state, rulers called ghazis or beys took the title of sultan from the third sultan Murad I (reigned 1362-89), onwards, but Persian and Turkish titles such as pādişāh (meaning protector king) and hākān (meaning great khan) were also used. There was no regulation of succession to the throne, and conflicts were constant, so Mehmed II (reigned 1444-46, 1451-81) legalised the practice of fratricide after the accession of the sultan.

*Some of the terminology explanations that mention "hākān" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…16世紀後半,キプロス島の征服(1571)など若干の領土拡張がみられたが,レパントの海戦(1571)に象徴されるように,ハプスブルク王家をはじめとするヨーロッパ諸国の反撃(オーストリア・トルコ戦争)の前に,帝国の領土拡張はようやく停滞した。
[政治,行政]
 建国当初,ガージーもしくはベイbeyとよばれた支配者は,第3代ムラト1世(在位1362‐89)以後スルタンを名のったが,パーディシャーpādişāh(守護王の意),ハーカーンhākān(大ハーンの意)のごとき,ペルシア的・トルコ的称号も使われた。王位継承の規律はなく,争いが絶えなかったため,メフメト2世(在位1444‐46,1451‐81)は,スルタンの即位後の〈兄弟殺し〉を法制化した。…

※「hākān」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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