Beautiful - Kanbata

Japanese: 綺 - かんばた
Beautiful - Kanbata

This can also be read as "ki," but the definition of this weaving technique differs from the "ki" that is used in modern China. In China, based on interpretations from the Shuowen Jiezi and other sources, the "ki" or "Hanki" weaves applied to textiles excavated from the Han dynasty are plain weaves with only the pattern raised, and are equivalent to the "saya" seen in early modern Japan. It is also said to be a corruption of "kamuhata or kanhata (divine fabric)," and the type found in documents as one of the textiles from ancient Japan is in the form of a long, thin woven cord, characterized by the use of colored threads for the weft to create woven stripes. Starting with the obi of morning clothes in the Jitōki chapter of the Nihon Shoki, and in the Shosoin documents from the Nara period, it is said to have been used as a string for the "sutra scroll" that was copied from the Buddhist scriptures, which sheds light on the circumstances of its purchase and sale, and there is also a woven string that is determined to be the same as this among the strings stored in the Shosoin Repository. Also, since ancient Japanese pattern cloth (shizuri) is made of stripes, it is believed to have been a similar type of horizontally striped fabric. If interpreted broadly, it would mean that there were wide stripes as well as narrow ones. Woven fabrics named kanhata appear in documents from the Nara and Heian periods, and there is a theory that this refers to a type of fabric called yoko nishiki, in which patterns are woven using colored threads for the weft, but it is questionable whether this matches the documents.

[Kadoyama Yukihiro]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

これを「き」とも読むことがあるが、現在の中国で呼称されている「綺」とは、織技のうえでその定義を異にしている。中国では、『説文解字(せつもんかいじ)』などの解釈から、漢代の出土織物に「綺」あるいは「漢綺」組織として当てはめているものは、平織の一部を文様部分のみ浮かせたもので、わが国の近世にみられる「紗綾(さや)」に相当するものである。「かむはた、かんはた(神機)」からの転訛(てんか)ともいわれ、日本古代の織物の一つとして文献に散見しているものは、細長い織紐(おりひも)の形をしたもので、緯糸(よこいと)に色糸を用いて織縞(おりしま)を表していることが特徴である。『日本書紀』持統(じとう)紀の朝服(ちょうふく)の帯をはじめとして、奈良時代の『正倉院文書』には、写経した「経巻(きょうかん)」の巻緒(まきお)に使われているため、その売買取引の状況が明らかになるし、正倉院蔵の紐類にもそれと断定される織紐が蔵されている。また古代の倭文布(しずり)が、すじおりとすることから、横縞の織物としては同様のものであったとみられる。また広義に解釈するならば、細幅のものに対して広幅のものも存在したことになる。奈良・平安時代の文献に綺(かんはた)という名称の織物がみられるが、緯に色糸をつかって文様を織り出した、いわゆる緯錦(よこにしき)の系統の織物をさしているとの説があるが、文献と一致するものかどうかについては疑問である。

[角山幸洋]

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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