...In this way, he tightened up security, education administration, and the judiciary, and tried to solve the peasant problem, which was the main cause of domestic unrest, within the framework of serfdom. However, the administrative reforms proposed by his close aide PD Kiselyov (1837-41) for the state-owned peasants and the decree on "obligatory peasants (peasants who are obligated to pay tribute or corvée to the landowner in return for the use of the land)" (1842) did not have the desired effect. In terms of foreign policy, Nicholas's first goal was to suppress revolutionary movements in Europe, that is, to play the role of "the gendarmerie of Europe." ... *Some of the terminology that refers to "obligatory farmers" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…こうして治安,教育行政,司法をひきしめるとともに,国内の騒擾(そうじよう)のおもな原因であった農民問題を農奴制の枠内で解決しようとした。しかし彼の側近のP.D.キセリョフが提案した国有地農民に対する行政改革(1837‐41),〈義務農民(土地利用の代償として地主に貢納もしくは賦役の義務を負う農民)〉に関する勅令(1842)は,いずれも期待されたほどの効果をあげえなかった。 対外政策の面では,ニコライの第1の目標は,ヨーロッパにおける革命運動を鎮圧すること,つまり〈ヨーロッパの憲兵〉の役割を果たすことであった。… ※「義務農民」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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