A laser that uses a gas as the operating substance. In low-pressure gas discharge, negative temperatures can occur between certain levels, and this can be used to create a gas laser. When the levels that contribute to the oscillation are ions, it is called an ion laser. Laser oscillation has been reported for more than 2,000 spectral lines ranging from the near ultraviolet to the far infrared. Well-known examples include the high-output carbon dioxide laser in the far infrared, the high-output argon ion laser in the visible light, and the helium-neon laser with good coherence. Taking advantage of their good coherence, they are used in holography and precision interference experiments, and the high-output carbon dioxide laser with good focusing ability is used for processing such as welding, cutting, and drilling fine parts. Gas lasers are monochromatic and have a large output, making them excellent light sources for scattering experiments. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
動作物質として気体を使ったレーザー。低圧の気体放電では特定準位の間で負の温度が起ることがあり,これを利用して気体レーザーが可能となる。発振に寄与する準位がイオンの場合にはイオンレーザーと呼ばれる。近紫外から遠赤外にわたる 2000本以上のスペクトル線についてレーザー発振が報告されている。遠赤外で大出力の炭酸ガスレーザー,可視光で大出力のアルゴンイオンレーザー,可干渉性のよいヘリウム-ネオンレーザーなどが有名。可干渉性のよいことを利用して,ホログラフィー,精密な干渉実験に使われ,また,集光性がよく大出力の炭酸ガスレーザーは微細部の溶接,裁断,穿孔などの加工に用いられる。気体レーザーは単色性がよく,出力が大きいので散乱実験の光源としてもすぐれている。
出典 ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典について 情報 |
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