Ganpi (Ganpi) - Ganpi

Japanese: ガンピ(雁皮) - がんぴ
Ganpi (Ganpi) - Ganpi

A deciduous shrub of the Thymelaeaceae family (APG classification: Thymelaeaceae). It is about 2 meters tall. The leaves are alternate, pointed, oval, 2-4 cm long, and densely covered with white hairs on both sides. In early summer, several to 10 small yellow flowers grow at the ends of new branches. The corolla-like calyx is about 6 mm in diameter with a 4-lobed tip and a tubular base about 1 cm long. It grows in the mountains of warm regions, and is distributed in Honshu, Shikoku, and northern Kyushu west of Shizuoka Prefecture. Bast fiber is extracted from the bark and used as a raw material for papermaking. The fiber is about 3 mm long. When it is soaked in water and filtered, it becomes ganpi paper, which is also called torinoko paper because of its pale yellow color similar to eggshell color. It is difficult to cultivate, so wild plants have been used for papermaking, but paper production is currently very small. Closely related species that are used to make ganpi paper include D. trichotoma Nakai, which is found west of the Kinki region and has hairless leaves that grow opposite each other, and D. pauciflora Nakai et Sav., which is found around Izu and Hakone.

[Hoshikawa Kiyochika October 16, 2020]

[Reference item] | Gampi paper | Kigampi

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

ジンチョウゲ科(APG分類:ジンチョウゲ科)の落葉低木。高さ約2メートル。葉は互生し、先のとがった卵形で長さ2~4センチメートル、両面に白毛が密生する。初夏、新枝の先に数個ないし10個の黄色の小花をつける。花冠状のものは萼(がく)で、先が4裂し直径約6ミリメートル、基部は筒状で長さ約1センチメートル。暖地の山中に生え、静岡県以西の本州、四国、九州北部に分布する。樹皮から靭皮(じんぴ)繊維をとり、製紙原料とする。繊維は長さ約3ミリメートル。水にさらして漉(す)いたものが雁皮紙で、淡黄色で卵の殻色のようなところから鳥の子紙ともよばれる。栽培が困難で、製紙には野生のものを利用してきたが、現在、紙の生産はごくわずかである。近縁種で、雁皮紙の原料となるものに、近畿地方以西に分布し、葉が無毛で対生するキガンピD. trichotoma Nakai、伊豆、箱根付近に分布するサクラガンピD. pauciflora Nakai et Sav.などがある。

[星川清親 2020年10月16日]

[参照項目] | 雁皮紙 | キガンピ

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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