A legal scholar in the early Soviet period. In 1918, he was one of the founders of the Academy of Socialism (later the Academy of Communism). Focusing on the experience of mass law-making during the revolution, and from the standpoint of trying to reconstruct Petrazhtsky's theory of psychologism in a Marxist way, he emphasized the significance of the revolutionary legal consciousness of the proletariat (class-based "intuitive law") that emerged behind traditional law, and explained early Soviet law as a mosaic of legal order consisting of proletarian intuitive law (labor law), bourgeois intuitive law (civil law), and peasant intuitive law (land law). He was criticized by orthodox Marxists such as Pashukanis in the 1920s, but in recent years, there has been a movement to reevaluate his work in connection with the reexamination of the concept of law in socialist countries. His major works include Petrazhtsky Theory, Marxism and Social Ideology (1908) and Law, Our Law, Other People's Law, General Law (1925). [Taichiro Oe] [References] |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
旧ソビエト初期の法学者。1918年に社会主義アカデミー(後の共産主義アカデミー)の創立発起人となる。革命期における大衆的法創造の経験に着目しつつ、ペトラジツキーの心理主義理論をマルクス主義的に再構成しようとする立場から、伝統的な法の背後に生成してくるプロレタリアートの革命的法意識(階級的な「直観法」)の意義を強調するとともに、初期ソビエト法をプロレタリア的直観法=労働法、ブルジョア的直観法=民法、および農民的直観法=土地法といったモザイクをなす一つの法秩序と説明した。パシュカーニスら1920年代マルクス主義正統派からは批判されたが、近年、社会主義諸国における法概念の再検討に絡んでその業績を見直そうとする動きもある。主著に『ペトラジツキー理論、マルクス主義および社会的イデオロギー』(1908)、『法、われわれの法、他人の法、一般法』(1925)などがある。 [大江泰一郎] [参照項目] |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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