Gi, B.

… The Inquisition was applied on a large scale to the Cathars, the Waldenses, and other heresies that arose frequently throughout Europe in the second half of the 13th century, and its scope was expanded to include not only doctrinal heresies in the narrow sense, but also blasphemy, folk beliefs, and factional disputes within and outside the church. The Inquisition's original heyday was when Bernard Gui, an inquisitor in southern France, wrote the Manual of the Inquisitor's Office (completed by 1324). Because of the above-mentioned characteristics, the foundation of the Inquisition was shaken after the 14th century due to the weakening of the papacy and the strengthening of the political power of secular authorities, and it lost its original character. …

*Some of the terminology explanations that mention "Gi, B." are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

…　異端審問は，カタリ派，ワルド派のほか，13世紀後半にヨーロッパ各地に頻発した諸異端にたいして，大規模に適用され，教義上の狭義の異端ばかりか，瀆神行為，民間信仰，教会内外の党派争いにまで範囲が拡大された。南フランスの審問官ベルナール･ギBernard Guiが《審問者職務必携》(1324年までに成立)を著した時期までが，本来の最盛期であった。上述のような諸特徴をおびていたことから，14世紀以降は，教皇権の弱体化，俗権の政治的権力の強化によって，異端審問の基盤はゆるぎ，当初の性格を失っていった。…

※「ギ，B.」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

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