...One is R.H. Tawney's claim that during the century between the Reformation and the Puritan Revolution, the aristocracy, who had traditionally charged fixed rents, fell into decline due to the inflation of the time, while the capitalist gentry, who charged competitive rents and developed woolen and other manufacturing businesses, as well as the coal industry, rapidly rose. In response to this, HR Trevor-Roper's theory argues that there is no such fact, and that those families who were able to secure official positions in the court, whether aristocrats or gentry, rose to prominence, while those who could not, the country faction, were forced to fall into decline. This theory is given the name of the "gentry controversy." The outcome of the debate ultimately leads to the question of whether the Puritan Revolution should be interpreted as a "bourgeois revolution" by the capitalist gentry, or as a coup d'état by Parliament, or the "country faction," against the "court faction."... *Some of the terminology that refers to the "country faction" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…一つは,宗教改革からピューリタン革命に至る1世紀間には,おりからのインフレによって,伝統的な固定地代を徴収する貴族が没落したのに対し,競争地代を徴収し,毛織物その他のマニュファクチュア経営,石炭業などをも展開した資本家的なジェントリーが急速に勃興したというR.H.トーニーの主張である。これに対して,そのような事実は存在せず,貴族であれ,ジェントリーであれ,宮廷内に官職を確保しえた一族つまり〈宮廷派〉は勃興し,それができなかった一族〈カントリー派〉は没落を余儀なくされたとするH.R.トレバー・ローパーの学説が対立,〈ジェントリー論争〉の名を与えられている。論争の行方は,結局ピューリタン革命を資本家的ジェントリーによる〈ブルジョア革命〉と解するか,〈宮廷派〉に対する議会=〈カントリー派〉のクーデタと解するかという問題にもつながっている。… ※「カントリー派」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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