Summa Theologiae

Japanese: 神学大全 - しんがくたいぜん(英語表記)Summa Theologiae
Summa Theologiae

This is the major work of the medieval scholastic theologian Thomas Aquinas. It is one of the most brilliant masterpieces of medieval European culture. This book is often compared to a Gothic cathedral, but this is not a mere decoration; it is because the fundamental structure of the Gothic cathedral and the Gothic cathedral is common to both, in which various parts maintain order and harmony with each other while converging toward an invisible transcendental point. Thomas's intention in writing this work was to use his experience in theological education to write a textbook for beginners, but this unfinished masterpiece, consisting of three parts (God and Creation, Ethics, and Christ and Sacramentalism), is a culmination of medieval scholarship from a theological perspective. The narrative style is derived from the "debate," a form of teaching unique to medieval universities, and the 2,669 "terms" that make up the work are all in the form of a question: "Is...?" The author first presents the strongest objections (usually three) that oppose his own position, and the tension and contradiction between these objections themselves lead to a higher synthesis, in a structure of inquiry. In addition to interesting philosophical treatises such as Part 1 on humanity and Part 2 on passions, habits, law and justice, the book also contains detailed interpretations of the Bible.

[Yoshinori Inagaki]

"The Summa Theologiae, 37 volumes, translated by Saburo Takada, Akira Yamada, Yoshinori Inagaki, et al. (1973-, Sobunsha)""Thomas Aquinas, by Copleston, translated by Yoshinori Inagaki (1962, Miraisha)"

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

中世のスコラ神学者トマス・アクィナスの主著。ヨーロッパ中世文化のもっとも輝かしい傑作の一つである。本書はしばしばゴシック大聖堂に例えられるが、これは単なる修飾ではなく、多様な諸部分が相互に秩序と調和を保ちつつ、みえざる超越的な一点へ向かって収斂(しゅうれん)するという根本構造が、両者に共通だからである。トマスの著作意図は、神学教育の経験を生かして、初心者のための教科書を書くことであったが、3部(神・創造論、倫理編、キリスト・秘跡論)からなるこの未完の大作は、神学的観点からの中世学問の集大成である。叙述様式は、中世大学特有の授業形式である「討論」に由来し、構成要素である2669個の「項」はすべて「……であるか?」という問いの形をとる。まず著者自身の立場に反対する最強の異論(通常3個)が提示され、それら異論の間の緊張、矛盾自体が高次の総合へ導く、という探究の構造が認められる。第1部の人間論、第2部の情念論、習慣論、法・正義論など哲学的に興味深い論考のほか、詳細な聖書解釈も含まれている。

[稲垣良典]

『高田三郎・山田晶・稲垣良典他訳『神学大全』全37巻(1973~ ・創文社)』『コプルストン著、稲垣良典訳『トマス・アクィナス』(1962・未来社)』

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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