Canterbury (English spelling)

Japanese: カンタベリー(英語表記)Canterbury
Canterbury (English spelling)
A city in the eastern part of Kent County, in the southeast of England. It is part of the Canterbury region, including the surrounding area. It is located about 85 km southeast of London. It is a beautiful city with Canterbury Cathedral, the seat of the Archbishop of Canterbury, and is known as the spiritual center of the Anglican Church. There was a settlement here before the Roman era, but after the conquest of Britain by the Roman Emperor Claudius I in 43, a Roman town was built here as the administrative center of the region, and it was connected to London and Dover by road. It became the capital of the Kingdom of Kent in the late 6th century, and under King Athelbert, it was established in 597. Augustine's missionary team, sent by Pope Gregory I, was accepted, and the spread of Christianity in England progressed rapidly after that. The city, with Augustine as its first archbishop and the seat of the archbishopric, became the religious center of England, and developed into an important city both culturally and economically. After Archbishop Thomas Becket was murdered in the cathedral in 1170, many people came to the cathedral on pilgrimage, and it prospered as a place to stay for pilgrims. Geoffrey Chaucer's Canterbury Tales is told by these pilgrims. During the Protestant Reformation in the 16th century, Protestants who fled from continental Europe brought textile industries and other industries, and the economy became active. Today, it is the commercial and industrial center of the surrounding agricultural areas, with industries such as leather, brick, and light metal. During World War II, it was heavily damaged by air raids, but the cathedral and several other churches and historical buildings including King's School (1541) were spared and play an important role as a tourist resource. There are many cultural and educational facilities, including the University of Kent (1965). Area of ​​the district: 309 km2 . Population of the district: 151,145 (2011). Urban population: 54,880 (2011).

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:
イギリス,イングランド南東端部,ケント県東部の都市。周辺を含めてカンタベリー地区を構成する。ロンドンの東南東約 85kmに位置する。カンタベリー管区大主教座が置かれているカンタベリー大聖堂のある美しい都市で,アングリカン・チャーチの精神的中心地として知られる。ローマ時代以前から集落があったが,43年のローマ皇帝クラウディウス1世によるブリタニア征服後,この地方の行政中心地としてここにローマ人の町が建設され,ロンドンやドーバーと道路で結ばれた。6世紀後半ケント王国の首都となり,アゼルベルト王のもとで 597年,教皇グレゴリウス1世が派遣したアウグスチヌスの伝道団が受け入れられ,以後イギリスにおけるキリスト教の布教が急速に進展。アウグスチヌスを初代大司教として大司教座が置かれた市はイギリスの宗教中心地となるとともに,文化的,経済的にも重要な都市として発展。1170年にトマス・ベケット大司教が大聖堂内で殺害されたのちは多くの人が巡礼に訪れるようになり,巡礼者の宿泊地として繁栄。ジェフリー・チョーサーの『カンタベリー物語』はこれら巡礼者が語り手となって当時の様子を描いている。16世紀の宗教改革時にはヨーロッパ大陸から逃れてきた新教徒が織物工業などをもたらし,経済が活発化。今日では周辺の農業地帯の商工業中心地で,皮革,煉瓦,軽金属などの工業がある。第2次世界大戦時には空爆により大きな被害を受けたが,大聖堂のほかいくつかの聖堂,キングズスクール(1541)を含む歴史的建築物は破壊を免れ,観光資源としても重要な役割を果たしている。ケント大学(1965)をはじめ文化・教育施設も多い。地区面積 309km2。地区人口 15万1145(2011)。都市人口 5万4880(2011)。

出典 ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典について 情報

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