Hawk

Japanese: 鷹 - たか

〘Noun〙① A general term for small species of birds belonging to the order Accipitridae. Larger species are called eagles, but there is no strict distinction. Compared to eagles, they generally have narrower wings and tails and pointed wing tips. They have sharply curved beaks and large claws on their feet. They are diurnal birds of prey that prey on birds and animals, and sometimes other animals. They usually build their nests in trees or on cliffs, but buzzards build their nests on the ground or on aquatic plants. There are about 20 species known in Japan, including the mountain hawk-eagle, buzzard, common buzzard, and sparrowhawk. Since ancient times, they have been considered a bird with a dignified appearance and were used in falconry. Their feathers are used to make arrow feathers, and those made from hawks are considered the best. Season: Winter ※Manyoshu (late 8th century) 19.4154 "I sit and watch the white-spotted hawk I keep." ※Tombo (around 974) "I hold and hold the white-spotted hawk ." ② Abbreviation of "takagari ( falcon hunting)." ※Genji (around 1001-14) Imperial visit "The princes and the nobles are wearing rare hunting attire." ③ One of the Noh masks. It is used in a more powerful performance in a piece such as " Funabenkei " that uses a male mask " Ayakashi " that represents a vengeful spirit, or in a piece that represents a deity, such as "Takasago" or " Yumi -Yawata." It is said that the name comes from the fact that the eyes are triangular and have a sharp expression like a hawk. ④ In the Edo period, a low-class street prostitute who solicited customers on the roadside. Nighthawk. *Haiku poem, Waka Midori (1691) "Takajo (hawk-buying) father's night crane in his heart" ⑤ Abbreviation of "Takanotsume (hawk claw) ①". *Miscellany, Yanagi Taru-Goichi (1811) "Drinking a hawk at night and listening to the sparrows"

Kuchi [Hawk]

〘Noun〙 A Baekje word for hawk . ※The Chronicles (720), September, 43rd year of the Nintoku era: "The common people of Baekje call this bird Kuchi . This is the hawk of today." ※Sanki Ki-kashu (around 1128), Spring: "The bush warbler cries in the field. I wonder if you will be singing in the morning. I will go and see."

Source: The Selected Edition of the Japanese Language Dictionary About the Selected Edition of the Japanese Language Dictionary Information

Japanese:

〘名〙① タカ目に属する鳥のうち小形種の総称。大形種をワシというが厳密な区別はない。ワシと比較して一般に、翼と尾の幅が狭く、翼の先端がとがる。くちばしは鋭く曲がり、あしには大きなかぎ爪をもつ。昼行性の猛禽で、鳥獣、時にその他の動物を捕食する。ふつう樹上・絶壁に巣をつくるが、チュウヒ類は地上や水草上に営む。クマタカ・チュウヒ・ノスリ・ツミなど、日本には約二〇種が知られている。古来、姿に威厳のある鳥とされ、また、鷹狩に用いられた。羽は矢羽にするが、鷹で作った矢羽は最上とされる。《季・冬》※万葉（８Ｃ後）一九・四一五四「鳥座(とぐら)結ひ据ゑてそ我が飼ふ真白斑の多可(タカ)」※蜻蛉（974頃）中「しすゑたるたかをにぎりはなちつ」② 「たかがり（鷹狩）」の略。※源氏（1001‐14頃）行幸「親王(みこ)たち上達部などもたかにかかづらひ給へるは、珍らしき狩の御装(よそひ)どもを設け給ふ」③ 能面の一つ。怨霊を表わす男面「怪士(あやかし)」を使う曲、「船弁慶(ふなべんけい)」などで、より力強く演出する場合とか、神体などを表わす曲、「高砂(たかさご)」「弓八幡(ゆみやわた)」に用いる。目は三角状に切れ、鷹のように鋭い表情なので、この名称があるといわれる。④ 江戸時代、道ばたで客をひいた下級の街娼。夜鷹。※俳諧・若みどり（1691）「辻女(タカ)買が父の心の夜の鶴」⑤ 「たかのつめ（鷹爪）①」の略。※雑俳・柳多留‐五一（1811）「宵に鷹飲んで雀の声を聞き」