Kato Umaki

A poet and scholar of Japanese classics in the mid-Edo period. Also written as Umaki. Commonly known as Daisuke. His pen name was Shizuya. A native of Edo. He was adopted by Kawazu Sukeyuki and served Awaji no Kami Ujifusa Toda of the Shinden Domain in Ogaki, Mino Province. After retiring from service, he became a yoriki (police officer) of the shogunate's Oban (official guard), and was on duty at Osaka Castle and Nijo Castle every three years. At the age of 25, he became a disciple of Kamo no Mabuchi and studied waka poetry and Japanese classics. He was known as one of the four great kings of the prefecture together with Kato Chikage, Murata Harumi, and Katori Nahiko. Although his terminology and tone were Manyo-style, his aesthetic sense was elegant and he composed poems different from those of Mabuchi, such as the poem "The warrior's grass grows, the year grows, the autumn wind is cold, the field is cold." While on duty in Kamigata, he became the teacher of Ueda Akinari, and had a great influence on Akinari's academic studies. His family collection of poems is called "Shizuya no Utashu" (Collection of Shizuya Poems), and his research books include "Ameya Monogatari Damikotoba" (Tales of a Rainy Night) and "Tosa Nikki Kai" (A Conclusion of the Tosa Diary).

[Ueno Osamu]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

江戸中期の歌人、国学者。美樹(うまき)とも書く。通称大助。号は静舎(しずや)。江戸の人。河津祐之の養子となって美濃大垣(みのおおがき)新田藩戸田淡路守(あわじのかみ)氏房に仕え、のち致仕して、幕府大番(おおばん)の与力(よりき)となり、3年ごとに大坂城や二条城に勤番した。25歳のとき賀茂真淵(かもまぶち)に入門して和歌と国学を学び、加藤千蔭(ちかげ)、村田春海(はるみ)、楫取魚彦(かとりなひこ)とともに県門(けんもん)四天王と称せられたが、「もののふの草むすかばね年ふりて秋風寒しきちかうの原」の歌のように、用語や句調は万葉風ながらも、美意識は優雅で真淵とは異なる歌を詠んだ。上方(かみがた)勤番中に上田秋成(あきなり)の師となり、秋成に学問上の大きな影響を与えた。家集を『しづ屋のうた集』といい、研究書に『雨夜物語だみ言葉』『土佐日記解(かい)』がある。

［上野　理］

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