Along with the Finns and Estonians, they are a Finno-Ugric people. In the 4000s BC, they moved from the middle Volga River basin to Finland, Karelia, and the Baltic region with other peoples of the same descent, and settled in present-day Karelia around the 7th century. In the 12th century, Finland was occupied by Sweden, and Karelia by the Russian Principality of Novgorod, and Karelia became a disputed territory between the two countries. In 1323, the Treaty of Nöteborg (Pehekinesaari) divided Karelia into two parts, East and West, and both became Russian territories as a result of the Northern War (1721). However, when Finland came under Russian control and became the Grand Duchy of Finland, western Karelia was again united with the Grand Duchy (1811). After a great deal of bloodshed from the Russian Revolution and the civil war at the time of Finland's independence to World War II, it is now unified as Karelia, forming a republic of the Russian Federation (→ Republic of Karelia). Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
フィン人,エストニア人などとともにフィン=ウゴル語系民族に属する。前 4000年代同系諸民族とともにボルガ川中流域からフィンランド,カレリア,バルト地域にいたり,7世紀頃現在のカレリアに定着。 12世紀フィンランドがスウェーデンに,カレリアがロシアのノブゴロド公国に占領され,以後カレリアは両国の係争の地となった。 1323年ネテボリ (ペヘキネサーリ) の和議によってカレリアの地は東西に2分され,北方戦争の結果両地方ともロシア領となった (1721) 。しかしフィンランドがロシアの支配下に入り,フィンランド大公国となった時代に,再びカレリア西部は同大公国と合体された (1811) 。ロシア革命,フィンランド独立に際しての内戦から第2次世界大戦にいたるまでおびただしい流血を経て,現在はカレリアとして統一され,ロシア連邦の共和国を形成している (→カレリア共和国 ) 。
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