…After the Kamakura period, many manors and imperial territories held regular markets, and as the number of merchants visiting them increased, manor lords, kokushi, and jito began to collect various market fees as a new source of revenue. At the end of the Kamakura period, the Kariyazaki market in Irikiin Toharago in Satsuma Province was considered a land of profit (Iriki documents) and became the target of the Shibuya clan of the jito. The fact that traveling merchants and industrialists such as the Toro Kunin of the Kurodosho and the Oyamazaki Aburajin of Iwashimizu Hachimangu Shrine demanded the privilege of being exempt from market fees also supports the situation in which the trend of collecting market fees was becoming more widespread. In 1334 (Kenmu 1), in the market within the jito's office in the east of Niimi Manor in Bitchu Province, market fees were subdivided into Yumi (public)jisen levied on each merchant, Donsen levied on each product, and Kariyasen levied as a sales seat fee. … From the city…Therefore, a feudal lord who had a transportation hub within his territory where a large market could be established had a considerable source of income. Shibuya, the lord of Irikiin in Satsuma, wrote in his deed of cession that Kariyazaki City was "a land with a market and a profitable portion within the territory." Therefore, feudal lords sought to protect the market while also taking direct control of it. … *Some of the terminology that refers to "Kashiyazaki City" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…鎌倉時代以降,多くの荘園,公領内に定期市が開かれ,そこに出入りする商人がふえてくると,荘園領主,国司,地頭らは新しい財源として各種の市場銭を徴収するようになった。鎌倉末期,薩摩国入来院塔原郷内の借屋崎市は〈得分有るの地〉(《入来文書》)として,地頭渋谷一族の争奪の対象となり,蔵人所所属灯炉供御人や石清水八幡宮所属の大山崎油神人ら諸国を行商,回国する商工業者たちが市津料免除の特権を要求したのも,市場銭徴収傾向が一般化しつつあった状況を裏書きしているものといえよう。1334年(建武1)備中国新見荘東方地頭方内市場では,市場銭は商人別に課された弓(公)事銭,商品別に課された駄銭,販売座席料として課された借屋銭等に細分化されるようになっている。… 【市】より…したがって,領地内に,大きな市が立つほどの交通の要衝をもった領主は,相当の収入源になった。薩摩入来院の領主渋谷氏は,借屋崎市について,〈領内に市あり,得分あるの地なり〉と,譲状に書いている。それゆえに領主は,市場に保護を加えるとともに,それを直接掌握下におこうとつとめた。… ※「借屋崎市」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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